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Mother-to-Child Transmission Outcomes of HIV-Exposed Infants Followed Up in Jos North-Central Nigeria.
CONCLUSION: In North-central Nigeria where HIV is prevalent, ART started before pregnancy is enormously effective in preventing mother-to-child transmission. Adoption of WHO 'Option B+' deserves serious consideration in such settings. PMID: 25986370 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Current HIV Research - May 22, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sagay AS, Ebonyi AO, Meloni ST, Musa J, Oguche S, Ekwempu CC, Oyebode T, Ejeliogu E, Imade GE, Agbaji OO, Okonkwo P, Kanki PJ Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Effects of a quasi-randomized web-based intervention on risk behaviors and treatment seeking among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Chengdu, China.
Abstract The men who have sex with men (MSM) population in China has experienced a recent increase in HIV incidence . Due to the dual stigma and discrimination towards homosexuality and HIV infection, most MSM living with HIV/AIDS are hard to reach by offline intervention initiatives. We recruited HIV-positive MSM participants in Chengdu, China and assessed whether they disclosed their HIV status to partners, motivated a partner to receive testing, used condoms consistently, or initiated antiretroviral therapy. Participants were quasi-randomized to either the intervention or control arm. The intervention group was...
Source: Current HIV Research - June 23, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mi G, Wu Z, Wang X, Shi CX, Yu F, Li T, Zhang L, McGoogan JM, Pang L, Xu J, Rou K Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

HIV-1 is spreading out of former high-risk population through heterosexual transmission in Hebei, China.
CONCLUSIONS: The genetic data supposed that HIV-1 was spreading out of MSMs, IDUs, and FPDs through heterosexual transmission in Hebei, China. Urgent prevention and behavior intervention in the population will be necessary. Furthermore, the detailed sequence data will help the design of HIV-1 vaccines in China. PMID: 26415701 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 28, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Gui T, Lu X, Li H, Li T, Liu Y, Bao Z, Li L Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Chemokines SNPs in HIV-1+ Patients and Healthy Controls from Northeast Brazil: Association with Protection against HIV-1 Infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Since our results revealed an increased frequency of alleles and genotypes of CCL3/CCL4 SNPs and haplotype (CCL3-CCL4) among healthy controls, we suggest that these variations have a potential protective role against HIV-1 infection. PMID: 26785888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - January 20, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: da Silva RC, Coelho AV, Arraes LC, Brandão LA, Guimarães RL, Crovella S Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Antibody-Based Preventive and Therapeutic Strategies Against HIV.
CONCLUSION: Taking into account all the information included in this review, it seems evident that anti-HIV-1 antibodies play an important role in virus control and prevention. This review aims to give an overview of the strategies used and the advances in antibody-based preventive and therapeutic strategies against HIV-1. PMID: 26957200 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Fabra-Garcia A, Beltran C, Sanchez-Merino V, Yuste E Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Mechanisms of HIV Transcriptional Regulation by Drugs of Abuse.
CONCLUSION: In this review, we will provide the latest updates of the molecular mechanisms that regulate HIV transcription and discuss how drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, heroin and morphine, modulate those mechanisms to upregulate HIV transcription and eventually HIV replication. PMID: 27009097 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 23, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tyagi M, Bukrinsky M, Simon GL Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

HIV-1 Induced CNS Dysfunction: Current Overview and Research Priorities.
CONCLUSION: Prevention and treatment of the neurological complications of HIV, and eradication of persistent virus from the CNS compartment are major priorities for the HIV-CNS research. Here we give an overview of the progress of research on HIV-CNS disease, define new challenges and research areas, and highlight domestic and global priorities. PMID: 27009096 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 23, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Joseph J, Colosi DA, Rao VR Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Prevalence of Drug Resistance Associated Mutations Among the Anti Retroviral Therapy Exposed HIV-1 Infected Individuals in Manipur, Northeast India.
CONCLUSION: DRAMs at the target sites of reverse transcriptase inhibitors are high and these were found to have developed resistance to the primary ART drugs that are used in Manipur. The findings of this study will help the clinicians to guide patients during the course of ART treatment regimes. PMID: 27033350 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 31, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sharma AL, Singh TR, Devi KR, Singh LS Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Bone health and HIV in resource-limited settings: a scoping review
Purpose of review: Sub-Saharan Africa and other resource-limited settings (RLS) bear the greatest burden of the HIV epidemic globally. Advantageously, the expanding access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in increased survival of HIV individuals in the last 2 decades. Data from resource rich settings provide evidence of increased risk of comorbid conditions such as osteoporosis and fragility fractures among HIV-infected populations. We provide the first review of published and presented data synthesizing the current state of knowledge on bone health and HIV in RLS. Recent findings: With few exceptions, we foun...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 8, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: BONE COMPLICATIONS IN HIV: Edited by Patrick W.G. Mallon and Todd T. Brown Source Type: research

Disease Progression in HIV Late Presenters: the Role of HIV Clinical Indicator Diseases prior to HIV Diagnosis.
CONCLUSION: HIV CIDs confer a higher risk for disease progression even after adjustment for these confounding factors. Evaluation of previous HIV CIDs at HIV diagnosis could be a tool to identify and better manage frail HIV patients with higher risks of disease progression. PMID: 27142214 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - May 2, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Guardigni V, Morieri ML, Segala D, Sighinolfi L Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Knowledge of pregnant women on mother-to-child transmission of HIV, its prevention, and associated factors in Assosa town, Northwest Ethiopia
Conclusion: Knowledge on MTCT and its prevention among women is low in the study area. We recommend more efforts to be exerted on improving women's knowledge of PMTCT of HIV.Keywords: pregnant women, mother-to-child transmission and prevention, Assosa
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - May 5, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research

Management of HIV/AIDS in older patients–drug/drug interactions and adherence to antiretroviral therapy
Mary J Burgess,1 John D Zeuli,2 Mary J Kasten31Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; 2Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 3Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USAAbstract: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are living longer with their disease, as HIV has become a chronic illness managed with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). This has led to an increasing number of patients greater than 50 years old living successfully with HIV. As the number of older adults with ...
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - October 27, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research

Predictors of HIV-test utilization in PMTCT among antenatal care attendees in government health centers: institution-based cross-sectional study using health belief model in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2013
Conclusion and recommendation: This study identifies perceived self-efficacy and perceived lack of net benefit as the main predictors of PMTCT-HIV-test use. Hence, prevention strategies based on increasing perceived risk, perceived severity, or adequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS may not be sufficient to induce PMTCT-HIV-test. These data will be useful in designing and improving HIV/AIDS prevention programs and focused health communication and counseling strategies in relation to PMTCT in Ethiopia. Keywords: PMTCT, HIV-testing, health belief model, perceived net benefit, perceived threat, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - July 12, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research

Disclosure of HIV-positive status to sexual partner and associated factors among ART users in Mekelle Hospital
Conclusion: An HIV-positive status disclosure to a sexual partner in this study was lower than what was reported in other studies in Ethiopia. The duration of HIV-related care follow-up, knowing partner's HIV status, and prior discussion were the main factors that affected the practice of HIV-positive status disclosure to their sexual partners.Keywords: cross sectional, institution based, systematic sampling, multivariate analysis
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - July 9, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research

Kill: boosting HIV-specific immune responses
Purpose of review: Increasing evidence suggests that purging the latent HIV reservoir in virally suppressed individuals will require both the induction of viral replication from its latent state and the elimination of these reactivated HIV-infected cells (‘Shock and Kill’ strategy). Boosting potent HIV-specific CD8+ T cells is a promising way to achieve an HIV cure. Recent findings: Recent studies provided the rationale for developing immune interventions to increase the numbers, function and location of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells to purge HIV reservoirs. Multiple approaches are being evaluated including very early sup...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - June 4, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: STRATEGIES FOR TARGETING RESIDUAL HIV INFECTION: Edited by Matthieu Perreau and Nicolas Chomont Source Type: research