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Size of the Adult HIV-infected Population Adjusted for Unreported AIDS Mortality in the Santa Catarina State, Brazil, 2008-2017.
CONCLUSION: Three major HIV/AIDS registers in Brazil showed significant under-notification of the HIV/AIDS epidemiological surveillance amenable to significant improvement by routine record linkage. PMID: 31556859 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 25, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tombini LHT, Kupek E Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

The Increase of HIV-1 Infection, Neurocognitive Impairment, and Type 2 Diabetes in The Rio Grande Valley.
Abstract The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection remains a persistent predicament for the State of Texas ranking seventh among the most documented HIV cases in the United States. In this regard, the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) in South Texas is considered as one of the least investigated areas of the state with respect to HIV infection and HIV associated comorbidities. Considering the 115% increase in average HIV incidence rates per 100,000 within the RGV from 2007-2015, it is worth characterizing this population with respect to their HIV-1 infection, HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), and th...
Source: Current HIV Research - October 28, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: De La Garza R, Rodrigo H, Fernandez F, Roy U Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Relationships between HIV-mediated chemokine coreceptor signaling, cofilin hyperactivation, viral tropism switch and HIV-mediated CD4 depletion.
Abstract HIV infection causes CD4 depletion and immune deficiency. The virus infects CD4 T cells through binding to CD4 and one of the chemokine coreceptors, CXCR4 (X4) or CCR5 (R5). It has also been known that HIV tropism switch, from R5 to X4, is associated with rapid CD4 depletion, suggesting a key role of viral factors in driving CD4 depletion. However, the virological driver for HIV-mediated CD4 depletion has not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that HIV-mediated chemokine coreceptor signaling, particularly chronic signaling through CXCR4, plays a major role in CD4 dysfunction and depletion; we also hyp...
Source: Current HIV Research - November 4, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: He S, Wu Y Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

The Frequency of HIV-1 Infection in Iranian Children and Determination of the Transmitted Drug Resistance in Treatment-na ïve Children.
CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that a total of 13.3% of treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected Iranian pediatrics (under 12 years old) were infected with HIV-1 variants with SDRMs. Therefore, it seems that screening to recognize résistance-associated mutations before the initiation of ARTs among Iranian children is essential for favorable medication efficacy and dependable prognosis. PMID: 31702525 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - November 4, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jarchi M, Bokharaei-Salim F, Esghaei M, Kiani SJ, Jahanbakhshi F, Monavari SH, Ataei-Pirkooh A, Marjani A, Keyvani H Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

The Emerging of CRF01_AE: a clinical story and future HIV/AIDS situation in Thailand.
Abstract The HIV epidemic in Thailand in the 1980's compromised the country's socio-economic development. The epidemic first became evident in the community of men with male sexual partners (MSM), and subsequently spread to intravenous drug users (IVDU), female commercial sex workers (CSW) and their male clients, and, ultimately, to their partners and children. The HIV epidemic has devastated the country's working age population. The extensive negative impact and social stigma associated with the disease do not only have impact on the victims of HIV but also on their descendants and relatives. An epicenter of the ...
Source: Current HIV Research - January 28, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Winichakoon P, Tongjai S Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Adeno-associated viral vector mediated expression of broadly-neutralizing antibodies against HIV - hitting a fast-moving target.
Abstract The vast genetic variability of HIV has impeded efforts towards a cure for HIV. Life-long administration of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is highly effective against HIV and has markedly increased the life expectancy of HIV infected individuals. However, long-term cART usage is associated with co-morbidities and the emergence of multidrug-resistant escape mutants necessitating the development of alternative approaches to combat HIV/AIDS. In the past decade, the development of single-cell antibody cloning methods has facilitated the characterization of a diverse array of highly potent neutralizing...
Source: Current HIV Research - February 9, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sherpa C, Le Grice SFJ Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Assessment of key elements in the innate immunity system among patients with HIV, HCV, and coinfections of HIV/HCV.
CONCLUSION: Our results showed a significant relationship between the expression level of innate immunity genes and inflammation in HCV, HIV, and HIV/HCV coinfected patients. PMID: 32209045 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 24, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Moradi M, Tabibzadeh A, Javanmard D, Ghorbani S, Bokharaei-Salim F, Keivani H, Khazeni M, Monavari SHR Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Shift in HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Factors Associated with False Positives for HIV Testing: A Retrospective Study from 2013 to 2018 in Xi'an, China.
CONCLUSIONS: The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Xi'an is still evolving, therefore, effective strategies, appropriate education and scaling up HIV testing should be developed. In addition, old adults and specific departments were associated with FP. PMID: 32294041 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - April 14, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Wang JY, Zhang KG, Ruan JX, Chen W, Wang L Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Epidemiology of HIV in Iran.
Abstract Iran has been one the active countries fighting against HIV/AIDS in Middle East during last decades. Moreover, there is a strong push to strengthen the national health management system concerning HIV prevention and control. In Iran, HIV disease has its own unique features, from changes in modes of transmission to improvement in prevention programs, which can make it a good case for closer scrutiny. The present review describes the HIV epidemic in Iran from the first case diagnosed till recent progresses in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention among different groups at risk. Not only we addressed the key ...
Source: Current HIV Research - June 4, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Najafi Z, Taj L, Dadras O, Ghadimi F, Moradmand B, SeyedAlinaghi S Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis in HIV and Kaposi's Sarcoma Disease by Microarray Technique.
CONCLUSION: In the microarray study we have conducted, 204,000 SNPs were screened for Control (HIV-) HIV (+) and HIV (+) patient with Kaposi's Sarcoma. It was found that 32,362 of those SNPs had different alleles in the Kaposi's Sarcoma [KS + HIV (+)] patient, while they had the same ones in the control [KS (-) and HIV (-)] and HIV + [KS (-)] group. 16 of the 32,362 SNPs took place among the genes related to Kaposi's Sarcoma. In the cases of Kaposi's Sarcoma with suspected diagnosis, it can be used as a beneficial laboratory test. PMID: 32539678 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Current HIV Research - June 17, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Koyuncu I, Gönel A, Ozcan E, Temiz E, Toprak Ş, Akkafa F, Binici I Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

The New NNRTI ACC007 Combined with Lamivudine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Show Synergy Anti-HIV Activity In Vitro.
CONCLUSION: ACC007 exhibits potent antiviral activity alone or with 3TC and TDF, and exerts synergistic effect against all HIV strains used in our investigation in vitro. PMID: 32562524 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - June 19, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Huang XS, Luo RH, Hu XL, Chen H, Xiang SY, Tang CR, Zhang CT, Shen XN, Zheng YT Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV: Data Analysis Based on Pregnant Women Population from 2012 to 2018, in Nantong City, China.
CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal identification of HIV infection and timely administration of all preventive measures can completely block MTCT of HIV. The data indicate that more efforts must be taken to ensure that all pregnant women are tested for anti-HIV during pregnancy. For pregnant women who missed prenatal screening, a positive result in rapid anti-HIV test at delivery should be sufficient to take preventive measures to prevent MTCT of HIV. PMID: 32778030 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - August 9, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lou H, Ge X, Xu B, Liu W, Zhou YH Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

MicroRNAs Profiling in HIV, HCV and HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients.
CONCLUSION: These miRNAs are probably involved in the clinical progression and pathogenesis of HIV and HCV infections. Therefore, determining and manipulating of these miRNAs can lead to opening a new gate to control of these important infections. PMID: 32900348 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 7, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Moghoofei M, Najafipour S, Mostafaei S, Tavakoli A, Bokharaei-Salim F, Ghorbani S, Javanmard D, Ghaffari H, Monavari SH Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Morphological and histopathological study of autopsied patients with atherosclerosis and HIV.
CONCLUSION: The inflammatory process resulting from HIV infection may be relevant in the alteration of aortic collagen fibers and in triggering or accelerating atherosclerosis. The study is important because HIV patients have increased risks for the development of cardiovascular diseases, and follow-up is necessary to prevent such diseases. PMID: 33135614 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - October 29, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Oliveira MS, da Silva Torquato BG, Tsuji SY, Aguiar LS, Juliano GR, da Silveira LAM, Miranda Corrêa RR, Rocha LB, da Fonseca Ferraz ML Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Evaluation of HIV-1 Regulatory and Structural Proteins as Antigen Candidate in Mouse and Human.
CONCLUSION: Briefly, the levels of both anti-Gp120 and anti-p24 antibodies can be considered for diagnosis of the HIVinfected individuals in different groups compared to healthy group. Moreover, among four recombinant proteins, Rev elicited Th1 cellular immunity and CTL activity in mice as an antigen candidate in therapeutic vaccine development. PMID: 33243125 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - November 25, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Khojasteh NF, Fekri M, Shabani SH, Milani A, Baesi K, Bolhassani A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research