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Infectious Disease: COVID-19
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Demographic and Geographic Characterization of Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Baltimore City, MD, March 2020 - March 2021
Am J Epidemiol. 2023 Sep 15:kwad186. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwad186. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEstimates of excess mortality can provide insight into direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic beyond deaths specifically attributed to COVID-19. We analyzed death certificate data from Baltimore City, Maryland from March 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 and found that 1,725 individuals (95% confidence interval, 1,495-1,954) died in excess of what was expected from all-cause mortality trends in 2016-2019. 1,050 (61%) excess deaths were attributed to COVID-19. Observed mortality was 23-32% higher than expected among individual...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - September 16, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kyle T Aune Kyra H Grantz Neia Prata Menezes Katherine O Robsky Emily S Gurley Melissa A Marx Darcy F Phelan-Emrick Source Type: research
Review of the impact of the FDA's Fast Track Designation on biotechnology companies' share prices
This study examines the effect of the FDA's Fast Track Designation (FTD) on biotech company share prices. Using an event-study approach on 25 FTD announcements between June 2019 and June 2020, notable short- and long-term share price hikes were observed, with a 5-day cumulative average abnormal returns of 21.59%, 30-day at 38.34%, 1-year at 76.64% and 3-year at 111.37% against the XBI benchmark. These surges surpass prior research findings, indicating stronger investor reactions. The role of the COVID-19 pandemic as a confounder is discussed. Although the sample size is limited, the results offer valuable insights for inve...
Source: Drug Discovery Today - September 16, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Joab Williamson Alexander James Spicer Source Type: research
Tele-Neuropsychology: From Science to Policy to Practice
CONCLUSIONS: More studies of the reliability and validity of in-home tele-np-t using randomization methodology are necessary to support inclusion of tele-np-t codes on the CMS and CPT telehealth lists, and subsequently, the integration and delivery of in-home tele-np-t services across providers and institutions. These actions are needed to maintain equitable reimbursement of in-home tele-np-t services and address the widespread disparities in healthcare access.PMID:37715508 | DOI:10.1093/arclin/acad066
Source: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology - September 16, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Scott A Sperling Shawn K Acheson Joshua Fox-Fuller Mary K Colvin Lana Harder C Munro Cullum John J Randolph Kirstine R Carter Patricia Espe-Pfeifer Laura H Lacritz Peter A Arnett Stephen R Gillaspy Source Type: research
Demographic and Geographic Characterization of Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Baltimore City, MD, March 2020 - March 2021
Am J Epidemiol. 2023 Sep 15:kwad186. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwad186. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEstimates of excess mortality can provide insight into direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic beyond deaths specifically attributed to COVID-19. We analyzed death certificate data from Baltimore City, Maryland from March 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 and found that 1,725 individuals (95% confidence interval, 1,495-1,954) died in excess of what was expected from all-cause mortality trends in 2016-2019. 1,050 (61%) excess deaths were attributed to COVID-19. Observed mortality was 23-32% higher than expected among individual...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - September 16, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kyle T Aune Kyra H Grantz Neia Prata Menezes Katherine O Robsky Emily S Gurley Melissa A Marx Darcy F Phelan-Emrick Source Type: research
Renewal equations for delayed population behaviour adaptation coupled with disease transmission dynamics: A mechanism for multiple waves of emerging infections
Math Biosci. 2023 Sep 14:109068. doi: 10.1016/j.mbs.2023.109068. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThere are many plausible reasons for recurrent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to illustrate how population behavioural adaption and adaptation implementation delay, in response to the perceived infection risk, can lead to recurrent outbreak patterns. We consider the early phase of an infection outbreak when herd immunity is not reached, pathogen mutation is not considered, and seasonality is ruled out as a major contributor. We derive a transmission dynamics model coupled...
Source: Mathematical Biosciences - September 16, 2023 Category: Statistics Authors: Xue Zhang Francesca Scarabel Kumar Murty Jianhong Wu Source Type: research
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the psychiatric post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A one-year retrospective cohort analysis of 33,908 patients
CONCLUSION: Omega-3 PUFAs may require re-evaluation as a preventive strategy against adverse mental health outcomes post-COVID-19 in placebo-controlled clinical trials.PMID:37716377 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.008
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ting-Hui Liu Chung-Han Ho Daniel Tzu-Li Chen Jheng-Yan Wu Po-Yu Huang Chih-Cheng Lai Kuang-Yang Hsieh Kuan-Pin Su Source Type: research
COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against hospitalizations in Paraguay, May 2021-April 2022: A test-negative design
CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to our understanding of COVID-19 VE in Latin America and to global understanding of vaccines that have not been widely used in North America and Europe. VE estimates from Paraguay can parameterize models to estimate the impact of the national COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Paraguay and similar settings.PMID:37716830 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.015
Source: Vaccine - September 16, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sandra Irala Sarah Hamid Elena Penayo Fabiana Michel Paula Couto Cynthia Vazquez Mar ía José Ortega Chavely Dom ínguez Silvia Battaglia Marta Von Horoch Romeo Montoya Guillermo Sequera Francisco Nogareda Source Type: research
Renewal equations for delayed population behaviour adaptation coupled with disease transmission dynamics: A mechanism for multiple waves of emerging infections
Math Biosci. 2023 Sep 14:109068. doi: 10.1016/j.mbs.2023.109068. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThere are many plausible reasons for recurrent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to illustrate how population behavioural adaption and adaptation implementation delay, in response to the perceived infection risk, can lead to recurrent outbreak patterns. We consider the early phase of an infection outbreak when herd immunity is not reached, pathogen mutation is not considered, and seasonality is ruled out as a major contributor. We derive a transmission dynamics model coupled...
Source: Mathematical Biosciences - September 16, 2023 Category: Statistics Authors: Xue Zhang Francesca Scarabel Kumar Murty Jianhong Wu Source Type: research
Ethical Requirements for Human Challenge Studies: A Systematic Review of Reasons
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Sep 16. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3054. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHuman challenge studies (HCS) are controlled clinical trials in which participants are deliberately infected with a pathogen. Such trials are being developed for an increasing number of diseases. Partly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a recent ethical debate about the reasons for and against HCS in general, or rather, about the requirements that individual HCS must fulfill to be ethically acceptable. A systematic review was conducted to categorize and summarize such requirements and the reasons given for them. Ethics...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - September 16, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Matthias Katzer Sabine Salloch Christoph Schindler Marcel Mertz Source Type: research
How NASA Got a ‘ UFO Czar ’ —And Why it Matters
The real czars may be long gone, but for decades, the White House has been doing a good job of keeping the role—or at least the honorific—alive, appointing a director to oversee a particular task or issue, and bestowing the title along with it. We’ve had the Ebola Czar, the Drug Czar, the Budget Czar, the Climate Czar, and more. Yesterday, at a press conference at NASA’s Washington, D.C., headquarters, the space agency gave the old role a new look, appointing the country’s, and indeed the world’s, first-ever UFO Czar. Only NASA didn’t use either one of those terms.
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Source: TIME: Science - September 15, 2023 Category: Science Authors: Jeffrey Kluger Tags: Uncategorized healthscienceclimate Source Type: news
Effect of work from home and employee mental health through mediating role of workaholism and work-family balance
This study provides real-world guidance to human resource managers on how to prioritize composite-level interventions at all levels of the university to create highly satisfied employees, provide a good working environment, and improve employees' mental health.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Many researches have been done on the relationship between work-from-home and employee mental health, but relatively few have looked at how work-life balance and workaholism play a role in how work-from-home affects employees' mental health. This study fills a need in the academic and practitioner literature by investigating the relationship betwee...
Source: The International Journal of Social Psychiatry - September 15, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Chitra Krishnan Shailender Singh Mubashir Majid Baba Source Type: research
Factors associated with depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Psychol Med. 2023 Sep 15:1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0033291723002271. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs). We aimed to identify the factors associated with depression among HCWs during the pandemic. We conducted literature search using eight electronic databases up to July 27 2022. Observational studies with more than 200 participants investigating correlates of depression in HCWs after COVID-19 outbreak were included. We used fixed- and random-effects models to pool odds ratios (ORs) across studies, and Cochran's chi-squared test and I 2 ...
Source: Psychological Medicine - September 15, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Haoyu Tian Tianci Qiao Jing Teng Chen Kang Jia Ke Lili Shan Mengting Li Chun Shen Yan Han Source Type: research
Cardiac Tamponade Secondary to Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion: A Complication of STEMI
Conclusion: The differential for hemodynamic compromise in a patient with STEMI is broad, but quickly distinguishing pump failure from other life-threatening causes of shock is imperative to dictate time-sensitive management decisions. The presence of a hemorrhagic pericardial effusion in the setting of STEMI is a surrogate marker for a severe infarct and can help the bedside physician determine whether a patient will be better served in the catheterization lab for revascularization or in the operating room for surgical repair.PMID:37711482 | PMC:PMC10498953 | DOI:10.31486/toj.23.0023
Source: Pain Physician - September 15, 2023 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Marvin Kajy Amy Rechenberg Connor Kerndt Kevin Wolschleger Source Type: research
