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An update on research priorities in hydrocephalus: overview of the third National Institutes of Health-sponsored symposium "Opportunities for Hydrocephalus Research: Pathways to Better Outcomes".
Abstract Building on previous National Institutes of Health-sponsored symposia on hydrocephalus research, "Opportunities for Hydrocephalus Research: Pathways to Better Outcomes" was held in Seattle, Washington, July 9-11, 2012. Plenary sessions were organized into four major themes, each with two subtopics: Causes of Hydrocephalus (Genetics and Pathophysiological Modifications); Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus (Biomarkers and Neuroimaging); Treatment of Hydrocephalus (Bioengineering Advances and Surgical Treatments); and Outcome in Hydrocephalus (Neuropsychological and Neurological). International experts gave plenary ...
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - June 19, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: McAllister JP, Williams MA, Walker ML, Kestle JR, Relkin NR, Anderson AM, Gross PH, Browd SR, Hydrocephalus Symposium Expert Panel Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

'his walking isn't right doctor': a case of hydrocephalus presenting as an abnormal gait
Conclusions This case illustrates one of the manifold ways in which hydrocephalus can present. These include changes in heart rate and respiratory rate, confusion, cranial nerve palsies, and abnormalities of motor function. When assessing a patient with a spastic gait there are a number of pathologies to be considered. It is important not to forget to consider hydrocephalus as this is a potentially chronic and progressive cause that has a significant mortality but for which there is a definitive surgical management option that can lead to a complete resolution of symptoms.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Baker, J. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Headache (including migraine), Hydrocephalus, Multiple sclerosis, Pain (neurology), Spinal cord Association of British Neurologists (ABN) joint meeting with the Royal College of Physicians (RCP), London, 2 Source Type: research

Cognitive and gait outcomes after primary endoscopic third ventriculostomy in adults with chronic obstructive hydrocephalus
CONCLUSIONS: Primary ETV can safely improve symptoms of gait and cognitive dysfunction in adults with chronic obstructive hydrocephalus. Gait velocity and global cognition were significantly improved, and the worsening of either was rare following ETV.PMID:34534954 | DOI:10.3171/2021.3.JNS203424
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - September 17, 2021 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Thomas J Zwimpfer Nicholas Salterio Michael A Williams Richard Holubkov Heather Katzen Mark G Luciano Abhay Moghekar Sean J Nagel Jeffrey H Wisoff James Golomb Guy M McKhann Richard J Edwards Mark G Hamilton Adult Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network Source Type: research

Alzheimer CSF biomarkers may be misleading in normal-pressure hydrocephalus
Conclusions: In the setting of hydrocephalus when the brain is compressed, a decrease in interstitial space and APP protein fragment drainage into the CSF may be impeded, resulting in low levels of all APP fragments and tau proteins, which has been reported. Shunting, which decompresses the brain, would create more room for the interstitial space to increase and protein waste fragments to drain into the CSF. In fact, CSF proteins increase after shunting. CSF biomarkers in pre-shunt NPH have low Aβ42 and tau protein levels, providing misleading information to distinguish NPH from comorbid NPH plus AD.
Source: Neurology - October 20, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Graff-Radford, N. R. Tags: Hydrocephalus, Cerebrospinal Fluid MEDICAL HYPOTHESIS Source Type: research

Johns Hopkins, Cincinnati Children’s launch PHR app for hydrocephalus
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Department of Neurology and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Department of Neurosurgery have developed an app for the Hydrocephalus Association, called HydroAssist. People with hydrocephalus, which is a condition caused by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, can use the app, available on iOS and Android smartphones and tablets, to track and […]
Source: mobihealthnews - October 28, 2015 Category: Information Technology Authors: Aditi Pai Tags: Provider Uncategorized Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Department of Neurosurgery HydroAssist hydrocephalus tracking app Johns Hopkins Johns Hopkins Department of Neurology symptom tracking app The Hydrocephalus Association Source Type: news

Teaching NeuroImages: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome resulting in hydrocephalus
A woman with prior lung transplantation presented with headaches, seizure, and obtundation. Head MRI (figure) revealed obstructive hydrocephalus and hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging in the bilateral thalami and brainstem. Management included antiepileptic medications, ventriculostomy placement, and cessation of tacrolimus for concern of atypical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Infectious and paraneoplastic etiologies were ruled out. An autoimmune process was unlikely due to immunosuppression. There was rapid clinical improvement with repeat MRI revealing resolution of hydrocephalus and T2 changes....
Source: Neurology - June 5, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Paolini, S., Jadhav, A. P. Tags: Hydrocephalus, Secondary headache disorders, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Monitoring the therapeutic effects of decorin in hydrocephalus
Conclusion Overall, these findings suggest that Decorin has the therapeutic potential to reduce white matter cytopathology in communicating hydrocephalus.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 14, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Aojula, A., Botfield, H., McAllister, J. P., Gonzalez, A. M., Abdullah, O., Logan, A., Sinclair, A. Tags: Hydrocephalus, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) ABN Annual Meeting, 17-19 May 2016, The Brighton Centre, Brighton Source Type: research

Comment: The trouble with "n" in normal-pressure hydrocephalus
Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a reversible syndrome of gait impairment, dementia, and incontinence that affects persons over 65 years of age.1 Currently, the only effective treatment is surgical implantation of a shunt2; however, the need for pharmacologic adjunctive treatments was noted at the 2005 NIH workshop on hydrocephalus.3
Source: Neurology - April 14, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Williams, M. A. Tags: Hydrocephalus ARTICLE Source Type: research

Risk factors for congenital hydrocephalus: a nationwide, register-based, cohort study
Conclusions The higher risk for isolated CHC in first-born children as well as behavioural aspects and comorbidities associated with maternal use of antidepressants, should be the targets for future research. Potential biological pathways by which antidepressants may cause hydrocephalus remain to be elucidated.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 17, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Munch, T. N., Rasmussen, M.-L. H., Wohlfahrt, J., Juhler, M., Melbye, M. Tags: Hydrocephalus, Child and adolescent psychiatry, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases Neurosurgery Source Type: research

IVth ventricular neurocysticercal cyst: A rare cause of acute hydrocephalus
An 11-year-old boy presented with acute-onset projectile vomiting, bifrontal headache, and altered sensorium. Contrast-enhanced MRI brain was suggestive of intraparenchymal and intraventricular neurocysticercosis, with an intraparenchymal ring-enhancing lesion with central scolex in the left cingulate gyrus and a large cyst enlarging the IVth ventricle, with obstructive hydrocephalus (figure).1 Intraventricular cysticerci with acute hydrocephalus are rare.1 In contrast to intraparenchymal cysts, intraventricular cysts are large and typically lack an identifiable scolex.2 Confirmation of cysticerci is based upon identificat...
Source: Neurology - November 17, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Jauhari, P., Sahu, J. K., Vyas, S., Singhi, P. Tags: Hydrocephalus, MRI, Parasitic infections, All Pediatric, Partial seizures NEUROIMAGES Source Type: research

Finally, open loop control of intracranial pressure in hydrocephalus
In the recent paper by Farahmand et al1 a new fully implantable telemetered intracranial pressure monitoring device (Raumedic AG, Helmbrecht, Germany) is used to study changes in intracranial pressure that occur in various positions and with various valve settings. The patient population studied here included 15 adult patients with ‘communicating hydrocephalus’ who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting using a Strata valve (Medtronic Inc, Goleta, California, USA). With the development of adjustable valves for the treatment of hydrocephalus and effective devices to prevent severely negative intracranial pressu...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Rekate, H. L. Tags: Headache (including migraine), Hydrocephalus, Pain (neurology) Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Intracranial pressure in hydrocephalus: impact of shunt adjustments and body positions
Conclusions Changing from a supine to an upright position reduced ICP while AMP only increased at trend level. Lowering of the shunt valve opening pressure decreased ICP and AMP but the difference in mean ICP in vivo between the highest and lowest opening pressures was less than half that previously observed in vitro.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Farahmand, D., Qvarlander, S., Malm, J., Wikkelso, C., Eklund, A., Tisell, M. Tags: Hydrocephalus, Radiology Neurosurgery Source Type: research