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Regulatory T Cell Number in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Publication date: Available online 10 November 2015 Source:Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Author(s): Ali Noori-Zadeh, Seyed Alireza Mesbah-Namin, Sara Bistoon-beigloo, Salar Bakhtiyari, Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh, Shahram Darabi, Masoumeh Rajabibazl, Alireza Abdanipour Regulatory T cells (Treg cells), defined as CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ T cells by expression of CD4, high-affinity IL-2 receptor and the transcription factor, forkhead box P3 (FoxP3). They play a pivotal role in protecting individuals from autoimmunity and a growing body of evidence suggests their role in the prevention of multiple sclerosis developm...
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - November 10, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cortical atrophy patterns in multiple sclerosis are non-random and clinically relevant
See Chard and Miller (doi:10.1093/brain/awv354) for a scientific commentary on this article. Grey matter atrophy is common in multiple sclerosis. However, in contrast with other neurodegenerative diseases, it is unclear whether grey matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis is a diffuse ‘global’ process or develops, instead, according to distinct anatomical patterns. Using source-based morphometry we searched for anatomical patterns of co-varying cortical thickness and assessed their relationships with white matter pathology, physical disability and cognitive functioning. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at ...
Source: Brain - January 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Steenwijk, M. D., Geurts, J. J. G., Daams, M., Tijms, B. M., Wink, A. M., Balk, L. J., Tewarie, P. K., Uitdehaag, B. M. J., Barkhof, F., Vrenken, H., Pouwels, P. J. W. Tags: Multiple Sclerosis/Neuroinflammation Original Articles Source Type: research

The effects of fatigue, depression and the level of disability on the health-related quality of life of glatiramer acetate-treated relapsing-remitting patients with multiple sclerosis in Hungary
Conclusions Decreasing the disease activity in multiple sclerosis with immunomodulatory therapy, together with improvements of the diagnostics and treatment of the accompanying depression and fatigue are of high priority to improve the health-related quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - February 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

MicroRNAs targeting TGF{beta} signalling underlie the regulatory T cell defect in multiple sclerosis
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signalling is critical for regulatory T cell development and function, and regulatory T cell dysregulation is a common observation in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis. In a comprehensive miRNA profiling study of patients with multiple sclerosis naïve CD4 T cells, 19 differentially expressed miRNAs predicted to target the TGFβ signalling pathway were identified, leading to the hypothesis that miRNAs may be responsible for the regulatory T cell defect observed in patients with multiple sclerosis. Patients with multiple sclerosis had reduced levels of T...
Source: Brain - May 26, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Severin, M. E., Lee, P. W., Liu, Y., Selhorst, A. J., Gormley, M. G., Pei, W., Yang, Y., Guerau-de-Arellano, M., Racke, M. K., Lovett-Racke, A. E. Tags: Multiple Sclerosis/Neuroinflammation Original Articles Source Type: research

Prevalence of neuropathic pain in early multiple sclerosis
Conclusions: Neuropathic pain appears to be less frequent in early multiple sclerosis than expected and is significantly associated with disability, depression and fatigue. The assessment and therapy of pain in multiple sclerosis should thus take into account neuropsychiatric symptoms already at early disease stages.
Source: Multiple Sclerosis - July 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Heitmann, H., Biberacher, V., Tiemann, L., Buck, D., Loleit, V., Selter, R. C., Knier, B., Tölle, T. R., Mühlau, M., Berthele, A., Hemmer, B., Ploner, M. Tags: Original Research Papers Source Type: research

Defining secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
A number of studies have been conducted with the onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis as an inclusion criterion or an outcome of interest. However, a standardized objective definition of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis has been lacking. The aim of this work was to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of an objective definition for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, to enable comparability of future research studies. Using MSBase, a large, prospectively acquired, global cohort study, we analysed the accuracy of 576 data-derived onset definitions for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and ...
Source: Brain - August 23, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Lorscheider, J., Buzzard, K., Jokubaitis, V., Spelman, T., Havrdova, E., Horakova, D., Trojano, M., Izquierdo, G., Girard, M., Duquette, P., Prat, A., Lugaresi, A., Grand'Maison, F., Grammond, P., Hupperts, R., Alroughani, R., Sola, P., Boz, C., Pucci, E. Tags: Multiple Sclerosis/Neuroinflammation Original Articles Source Type: research

Does vagotomy protect against multiple sclerosis?
Publication date: July 2017 Source:Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, Volume 15 Author(s): Jens Sundbøll, Erzsébet Horváth-Puhó, Kasper Adelborg, Elisabeth Svensson Objectives To examine the association between vagotomy and multiple sclerosis. Methods We conducted a matched cohort study of all patients who underwent truncal or super-selective vagotomy and a comparison cohort, by linking Danish population-based medical registries (1977−1995). Hazard ratios (HRs) for multiple sclerosis, adjusting for potential confounders were computed by means of Cox regression analysis. Results Median age of multiple sclerosi...
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - July 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Headache Characteristics in Multiple Sclerosis
ConclusionIn our study, the prevalence of headache among all multiple sclerosis patients was 68%. The results of this study indicate a possible relationship may exist between headache and multiple sclerosis therapies since 80% of patients described headaches after the onset of treatments. The younger start and the shorter duration of interferon beta use caused the higher incidence of headache, but this correlation was not observed in other drugs. Interestingly, medication overuse headache was far more prevalent in multiple sclerosis patients than in previously reported community populations.
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - October 5, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Impact of pre-cooling therapy on the physical performance and functional capacity of multiple sclerosis patients: A systematic review
Publication date: Available online 13 November 2018Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related DisordersAuthor(s): Antonia Kaltsatou, Andreas D. FlourisAbstractPatients with multiple sclerosis experience many complications that gradually lead them to comorbidity and disability. Exercise could prevent and ameliorate the symptoms that comorbidity or inactivity generate. However, until recently it was suggested that multiple sclerosis patients should not participate in exercise training programs because multiple sclerosis patients are characterized by thermoregulatory failure and the heat stress due to physical work could exacerba...
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - November 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Biotinidase deficiency should be considered in individuals thought to have multiple sclerosis and related disorders
ConclusionTherefore, although biotinidase deficiency is rare relative to that of multiple sclerosis, the disorder should be included in the differential diagnosis of individuals thought to have multiple sclerosis or related disorders. Biotinidase deficiency should be considered in individuals thought to have multiple sclerosis or related disorders.
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - December 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Subclinical cochlear dysfunction in newly diagnosed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
ConclusionsThis study shows decreased otoacoustic emission amplitudes in untreated multiple sclerosis patients with clinically normal hearing and no brainstem demyelinating plaques, suggesting a subclinical cochlear impairment. This alteration may represent an early sign of peripheral hearing damage, suggesting a role for otoacoustic emissions in the early diagnosis of cochlear dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients. However, given that otoacoustic emissions primarily reflects cochlear function, and that the wave I of the auditory brainstem responses was spared, the evidence supporting a peripheral involvement of acous...
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - May 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Adaptation to repeated gait-slip perturbations among individuals with multiple sclerosis
ConclusionWith practice, people with multiple sclerosis can adapt to large-scale, high-speed, gait-slips and acquire necessary skills against falls. Such skills primarily involve proactive strategy which is assisted by reactive strategy. The proactive strategy would shift the body's center of mass closer to the base of support, improving dynamic gait stability and reducing falls. Our findings could provide a theoretical foundation for deploying perturbation training to prevent falls in people with multiple sclerosis.
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - July 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Epilepsy in multiple sclerosis as a network disease
Publication date: Available online 17 September 2019Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related DisordersAuthor(s): Mihaela Bustuchina VlaicuAbstractThis is a review paper, essentially a commentary with summary of literature that actualizes the problem of epilepsy in patients with multiple sclerosis. There is a bidirectional relation between multiple sclerosis and epilepsy. A possible associate pathophysiological pathway is considered. In multiple sclerosis, a combination of grey matter involvement and inflammation could influence epileptogenesis. Patients with multiple sclerosis have individual profiles and an inter-individual...
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - September 19, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Gene-environment interactions increase the risk of paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis associated with household chemical exposures
Conclusions The presence of gene–environment interactions with household toxins supports their possible causal role in paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Nasr, Z., Schoeps, V. A., Ziaei, A., Virupakshaiah, A., Adams, C., Casper, T. C., Waltz, M., Rose, J., Rodriguez, M., Tillema, J.-M., Chitnis, T., Graves, J. S., Benson, L., Rensel, M., Krupp, L., Waldman, A. T., Weinstock-Guttman, B., Lotze, T., Greenber Tags: Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

MANBA, CXCR5, SOX8, RPS6KB1 and ZBTB46 are genetic risk loci for multiple sclerosis
A recent genome-wide association study reported five loci for which there was strong, but sub-genome-wide significant evidence for association with multiple sclerosis risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of these potential risk loci in a large and independent data set of ~20 000 subjects. We tested five single nucleotide polymorphisms rs228614 (MANBA), rs630923 (CXCR5), rs2744148 (SOX8), rs180515 (RPS6KB1), and rs6062314 (ZBTB46) for association with multiple sclerosis risk in a total of 8499 cases with multiple sclerosis, 8765 unrelated control subjects and 958 trios of European descent. In addition, we as...
Source: Brain - June 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium, Lill, Schjeide, Graetz, Ban, Alcina, Ortiz, Perez, Damotte, Booth, Lopez de Lapuente, Broer, Schilling, Akkad, Aktas, Alloza, Antiguedad, Arroyo, Blaschke, Buttmann, Chan, Compston, Cournu-Rebeix, Dorn Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research