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Targeting CLDN6 in germ cell tumors by  an antibody-drug-conjugate and studying therapy resistance of yolk-sac tumors to identify and screen specific therapeutic options
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, this study offers a novel CLDN6-ADC to target GCT. Additionally, this study presents novel pharmacological inhibitors blocking FGF, VGF, PDGF, mTOR, CHEK1, AURKA, or PARP signaling for the treatment of (refractory) YST patients. Finally, this study shed light on the mechanisms of therapy resistance in YST.PMID:36991316 | DOI:10.1186/s10020-023-00636-3
Source: Molecular Medicine - March 29, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Margaretha A Skowron Mara Kotthoff Felix Bremmer Katja Ruhnke Fatma Parmaksiz Annika Richter Stefan K üffer Kirsten Reuter-Jessen Stella Pauls Anja Stefanski Philipp Str öbel Kai St ühler Daniel Nettersheim Source Type: research

Testicular tumours in children: a single-centre experience
CONCLUSION: Primary testicular tumours follow a bimodal age distribution pattern. Majority of patients can be cured with platinum-based chemotherapy despite having advanced disease at presentation.PMID:37721303 | DOI:10.4103/singaporemedj.SMJ-2021-380
Source: Singapore Medical Journal - September 18, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sajid Ali Tariq Latif Muhammad Ali Sheikh Shazia Perveen Muhammad Bilal Albash Sarwar Source Type: research

Yolk Sac Tumors: An Aggressive Germ Cell Malignancy in Adolescents
Ovarian yolk sac tumors, previously called endodermal sinus tumors, account for less than 1% of ovarian malignancies, but 20% of germ cell malignancies. Due to the rarity of these tumors, there are few detailed descriptions of their presentation and clinical features. We report four cases of yolk sac tumors at our institution over a short five-month period. The purpose of this report is to alert and educate general practitioners regarding these malignancies as they present in adolescents.
Source: Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology - April 1, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Candice Fraser, Amy Vallerie Tags: Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

Primary paratesticular yolk sac tumor: A case report and review of literature
Toijam Soni Lyngdoh, Prema Menon, Richa Jain, Ashim DasJournal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons 2013 18(2):86-89Paratesticular germ cell tumors are extremely rare. A 12-month-old boy with yolk sac tumor involving only the paratesticular tissue is reported. Pre-operatively raised alpha fetoprotein levels fell to normal levels after high inguinal orchiectomy. This appears to be the youngest and only the 3 rd case reported in the English literature.
Source: Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons - March 21, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Toijam Soni LyngdohPrema MenonRicha JainAshim Das Source Type: research

Primary intracranial yolk sac tumor in the posterior fossa: Case report of a child with Down syndrome
We report a case of intracranial YST originating from the posterior fossa dura mater. Although DS related intracranial GCTs tend to occur in atypical sites such as the basal ganglia, origination in the posterior fossa dura is extremely rare.
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - August 20, 2012 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Shogo Endo, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Shunsuke Terasaka, Akihiro Iguchi, Yuko Cho, Junjiro Ohshima, Kanako Kubota, Kiyohiro Houkin Tags: Case reports Source Type: research

Yolk Sac Tumor of the Ovary: A Retrospective Multicenter Study of 33 Japanese Women by Tohoku Gynecologic Cancer Unit (TGCU).
Abstract Yolk sac tumor (YST) of the ovary is a rare germ cell tumor comprising about 1% of all ovarian malignancies. YST usually occurs as a rapidly growing unilateral tumor in young women. With the introduction of cisplatin, YST has been changed from a fatal tumor to a curable tumor. The standard treatment of YST consists of fertility-preserving surgery and 3 or 4 courses of adjuvant combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). However, the long-term prognosis of BEP-treated YST patients has not been well studied. We therefore conducted a retrospective multicenter study to investigate...
Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine - August 10, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Kojimahara T, Nakahara K, Takano T, Yaegashi N, Nishiyama H, Fujimori K, Sato N, Terada Y, Tase T, Yokoyama Y, Mizunuma H, Shoji T, Sugiyama T, Kurachi H Tags: Tohoku J Exp Med Source Type: research

The corn snake yolk sac becomes a solid tissue filled with blood vessels and yolk-rich endodermal cells.
Abstract The amniote egg was a key innovation in vertebrate evolution because it supports an independent existence in terrestrial environments. The egg is provisioned with yolk, and development depends on the yolk sac for the mobilization of nutrients. We have examined the yolk sac of the corn snake Pantherophis guttatus by the dissection of living eggs. In contrast to the familiar fluid-filled sac of birds, the corn snake yolk sac invades the yolk mass to become a solid tissue. There is extensive proliferation of yolk-filled endodermal cells, which associate with a meshwork of blood vessels. These novel attribute...
Source: Biology Letters - January 18, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Elinson RP, Stewart JR Tags: Biol Lett Source Type: research

Surveillance After Initial Surgery for Pediatric and Adolescent Girls With Stage I Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors: Report From the Children's Oncology Group Pediatric Oncology
Conclusion Fifty percent of patients with stage I pediatric MOGCT can be spared chemotherapy; treatment for those who experience recurrence preserves OS. Further study is needed to identify the factors that predict recurrence and whether this strategy can be extended successfully to older adolescents and young adults.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - February 7, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Billmire, Cullen, Rescorla, Davis, Schlatter, Olson, Malogolowkin, Pashankar, Villaluna, Krailo, Egler, Rodriguez-Galindo, Frazier Tags: Chemotherapy, Germ Cell Tumors Pediatric Oncology Source Type: research

CT Findings of Intrarenal Yolk Sac Tumor with Tumor Thrombus Extending into the Inferior Vena Cava: A Case Report.
Abstract Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare germ cell neoplasm of childhood that usually arises from the testis or ovary. The rare cases of YST in various extragonadal locations have been reported, but the primary intrarenal YST is even more uncommon. Here, we report a case of a primary intrarenal YST with tumor thrombus of the inferior vena cava and left renal vein in a 2-year-old boy, with an emphasis on the CT features. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an intrarenal YST with intravascular involvement. PMID: 25246826 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Korean J Radiol - September 1, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Lin S, Li X, Sun C, Feng S, Peng Z, Huang S, Li Z Tags: Korean J Radiol Source Type: research

Yolk Sac Tumor in Postmenopausal Patients: Pure or Associated With Adenocarcinoma, a Rare Phenomenon
We report two cases, both in older patients. One of the YSTs was associated with high-grade serous and endometrioid carcinoma, while the other case showed pure YST. The YST component showed positivity for SALL4, AFP and Glypican-3 and negative staining for PAX8 supporting a germ cell tumor differentiation; SALL4 and PAX8 markers have not been previously analyzed in this setting. Both tumors recurred within 7 months despite systemic chemotherapy.
Source: International Journal of Gynecological Pathology - September 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Pathology of the Upper Genital Tract: Case Report Source Type: research

Atypical presentation of sacrococcygeal yolk sac tumor in infant: beware of the injuries of the gluteal region
This report remarks the need of a rigorous methodology in the ultrasound exploration of the gluteal region.
Source: Journal of Ultrasound - December 12, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

NUT protein immunoreactivity in ovarian germ cell tumours
SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate NUT (nuclear protein in the testis) expression in ovarian germ cell tumours (GCTs). Immunostaining for NUT protein was performed in 10 mature cystic teratomas and in 49 malignant ovarian GCTs including 15 pure dysgerminomas, six dysgerminomas associated with gonadoblastoma, nine yolk sac tumours, 12 immature teratomas, and seven mixed malignant tumours. Only nuclear staining was considered a positive finding although cytoplasmic staining was noted when present. Thirty-seven (76%) malignant GCTs were NUT positive but staining was usually of weak to moderate intensity and obser...
Source: Pathology - January 8, 2015 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research

Primary Yolk Sac Tumor of the Prostate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
We report a case of prostatic EST, the first case in which the patient had a history of previous testis cancer. Treatment included cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radical prostatectomy. Previous cases of primary ESTs and use of cisplatin-based therapy as well as metastatic tumors to the prostate are discussed.Urol Int
Source: Urologia Internationalis - April 1, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research