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Vaginal Yolk Sac Tumor in an Infant: A Case Report and Literature Review of the Last 30 Years
Vaginal yolk sac tumor is a rare malignant germ-cell tumor occurring most commonly in young girls. The treatment has evolved over the last 3 decades from radical surgery to conservative surgery with chemotherapy to chemotherapy alone. Here we present a case of a 6-month-old girl successfully treated with upfront surgery followed by chemotherapy. We include a literature review of studies on vaginal yolk sac tumor published in the last 30 years. We discuss the role of upfront surgery where possible followed by chemotherapy as a safe alternative to chemotherapy alone for the treatment of this rare malignancy.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology - June 25, 2015 Category: Hematology Tags: Online Articles: Clinical and Laboratory Observations Source Type: research

Extragonadal yolk sac tumor of the head and neck region: A report of two cases
We report two male children, aged 1 year 7 months and 3 years 5 months, with YST involving the head and neck region.
Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics - February 15, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Maitrayee RoyShipra AgarwalAashish GuptaSameer BakhshiAshu Seith Bhalla Source Type: research

Racial disparities in presentation and survival of ovarian yolk sac cancer patients: a study of 423 women
Ovarian germ cell cancers comprise 3-5% of all ovarian malignancies. Patients with yolk sac tumors have a worse prognosis compared to those with dysgerminomas or immature teratomas.1,2 Due to the rarity of yolk sac tumors, few studies have evaluated their distinct demographic and clinicopathologic features. Previous studies have demonstrated that Asians and blacks have an increased incidence of germ cell cancers.3,4 We propose to determine the factors associated with the presentation and survival rates of ovarian yolk sac cancer patients.
Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 4, 2016 Category: OBGYN Authors: John K. Chan, Austin B. Gardner, Cheng-I Liao, Joshua Chan, Andrew Guan, Mark Alshak, Daniel S. Kapp Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor: The Experience of a Regional Cancer Center
Conclusions: Postsurgery satisfactory AFP decline was an independent significant prognostic factor for patient survival. Omentectomy might not be of therapeutic significance for clinical stage I-II patients.
Source: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer - May 24, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Ovarian Cancer Source Type: research

Primary Endometrial Yolk Sac Tumor With Endodermal-Intestinal Differentiation Masquerading as Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
We report an unusual case of a primary endometrial YST showing florid endodermal-intestinal differentiation in a 63-yr-old woman with a history of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Histologically, the tumor exhibited a glandular and papillary architecture and showed widespread immunoreactivity for CDX2 and focal staining for CK20 and CEA, mimicking metastatic colorectal carcinoma on biopsy. The presence of subnuclear cytoplasmic clearing and positive staining for germ cell markers, however, pointed toward a diagnosis of primary endometrial YST, and this was supported by the radiologic and the subsequent pathologic finding of a pr...
Source: International Journal of Gynecological Pathology - June 7, 2016 Category: Pathology Tags: Pathology of the Corpus: Case Reports Source Type: research

Racial disparities in presentation and survival of  ovarian yolk sac cancer patients: a study of 423 women
Ovarian germ cell cancers comprise 3-5% of all ovarian malignancies. Patients with yolk sac tumors have a worse prognosis compared to those with dysgerminomas or immature teratomas.1,2 Due to the rarity of yolk sac tumors, few studies have evaluated their distinct demographic and clinicopathologic features. Previous studies have demonstrated that Asians and blacks have an increased incidence of germ cell cancers.3,4 We propose to determine the factors associated with the presentation and survival rates of ovarian yolk sac cancer patients.
Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 4, 2016 Category: OBGYN Authors: John K. Chan, Austin B. Gardner, Cheng-I Liao, Joshua Chan, Andrew Guan, Mark Alshak, Daniel S. Kapp Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Pure Yolk sac presenting with inferior vena cava thrombus extending from bilateral external iliac veins to hepatic vein
Conclusion: We review this seldom case and discuss the literature with regard to its diagnosis and treatment.
Source: International Braz J Urol - November 25, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Yolk Sac Tumor in Extragonadal Pelvic Sites: Still a Diagnostic Challenge
We present the clinicopathologic features of 15 cases of extragonadal yolk sac tumor (EGYST) detected in female patients and reviewed at our institution from 1988 to 2016. We recorded: patient age, clinical presentation, tumor location, FIGO stage (where applicable), histologic patterns including presence/absence of Schiller-Duval bodies, other germ cell or somatic components, immunoperoxidase results, treatment, and outcome. Patients’ ages ranged from 17 to 87 (median, 62) years and presentation included: abnormal uterine bleeding, 12; hematuria, 1; labial mass, 1; abdominal pain, 1. Primary sites were as follows: uteru...
Source: The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - December 15, 2016 Category: Pathology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Chemotherapy for primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor in a patient undergoing chronic hemodialysis: a case report
ConclusionsBecause of the altered pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics status of patients with renal dysfunction undergoing hemodialysis, pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics analysis is deemed to be helpful for effective and safe management of chemotherapy in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - February 15, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

A Case of Urachal Yolk Sac Tumor With Spontaneous Rupture in a Child
Tumors arising from urachus in children are exceedingly rare and sporadically reported in literature. Being a midline structure, the urachus may harbor neoplastic germ cell elements and can occasionally present as a case of acute abdomen. A 20-month-old toddler presented with spontaneous rupture of an urachal yolk sac tumor causing hemoperitoneum. He underwent resection, received platinum-based chemotherapy and presently remains well on follow-up. Despite its rarity, urachal germ cell tumors must be considered in a child with acute abdomen and tumor markers must be measured preemptively in such cases.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology - February 21, 2017 Category: Hematology Tags: Online Articles: Clinical and Laboratory Observations Source Type: research

Primary intrarenal yolk sac tumor
Narasimhan Ragavan, P Dholakia Kunal, S AnnapurneshwariIndian Journal of Urology 2017 33(2):167-168 Extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGGCTs) usually are not coexistent with a gonadal tumor, hence in a way, are primary and are rare. The origin of primary EGGCT is still a matter of debate. Herewith, we report a patient with primary intrarenal yolk sac tumor in a 43-year-old man. The purpose of this report is to add a rare tumor to the differential diagnosis of renal neoplasms.
Source: Indian Journal of Urology - March 30, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Narasimhan Ragavan P Dholakia Kunal S Annapurneshwari Source Type: research

ZBTB16 is a sensitive and specific marker in detection of metastatic and extragonadal yolk sac tumor
ConclusionZBTB16 is a sensitive and specific marker for YST and is diagnostically superior to AFP and Glypican‐3 in metastatic and extragonadal settings.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Histopathology - June 1, 2017 Category: Pathology Authors: Guang ‐Qian Xiao, David S. Priemer, Christina Wei, Manju Aron, Qi Yang, Muhammad T. Idrees Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Management and prognosis of ovarian yolk sac tumors; an analysis of the National Cancer Data Base.
CONCLUSIONS: Women with OYST commonly present with early stage disease. Administration of adjuvant chemotherapy, early stage and younger age are associated with superior outcomes. PMID: 28803748 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Gynecologic Oncology - August 10, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nasioudis D, Chapman-Davis E, Frey MK, Caputo TA, Holcomb K Tags: Gynecol Oncol Source Type: research

Vaginal Yolk Sac Tumors: Our Experiences and Results
Objective: Vaginal yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare malignant germ cell tumors largely affecting children younger than 3 years. Because of their low incidence, there is no consensus regarding diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we describe the presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of 16 patients with vaginal YSTs diagnosed and managed at our center. Methods: Diagnoses of YST of the vagina were confirmed by 2 experienced pathologists. All patients were treated with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (PEB) combination chemotherapy alone. Complete remission (CR) was defined by a normal serum α-fetoprotein (...
Source: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer - August 24, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Vulva-Vaginal Cancer Source Type: research