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A histopathological connection between a fatal endolymphatic sac tumour and von Hippel-Lindau disease from 1960.
CONCLUSION: Endolymphatic sac tumours are rare neoplasms of the temporal bone that can occur sporadically or as part of von Hippel-Lindau disease. The connection between endolymphatic sac tumour and von Hippel-Lindau disease was first proposed in 1988 and formalised in 1997. We believe that this case represents the first documented connection between endolymphatic sac tumour and von Hippel-Lindau disease. PMID: 28874214 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Laryngology and Otology - September 8, 2017 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: J Laryngol Otol Source Type: research

Ovarian yolk sac tumor coexisting with epithelial ovarian cancer: An aggressive rare entity
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2017 Source:Gynecologic Oncology Reports Author(s): Patrícia Taranto, Filomena M. Carvalho, Sergio Roithmann, Fernando C. Maluf Yolk sac tumor (YST) is the second most common subtype of ovarian germ cell tumors. It usually occurs in the second and third decades of life and is rare in postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, YST is commonly an aggressive tumor and can present as a pure germ cell component or as a mixed component with other germ cell or epithelial components. The recognition of this histological subtype is important not only for differential diagnosis b...
Source: Gynecologic Oncology Reports - September 21, 2017 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Endolymphatic sac tumour in von Hippel-Lindau disease: management strategies.
Authors: Zanoletti E, Girasoli L, Borsetto D, Opocher G, Mazzoni A, Martini A Abstract Endolymphatic sac tumour (ELST) is infrequent, as emerges from small series reported in the literature. It is a slow-growing malignancy with local aggressiveness and a low risk of distant metastases. It is often misdiagnosed because of the late onset of symptoms and difficulty in obtaining a biopsy. Its frequency is higher in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease (a genetic systemic syndrome involving multiple tumours), with a prevalence of around 25%. The diagnosis is based on radiology, with specific patterns on contrast-enhanced MRI...
Source: Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica - November 24, 2017 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital Source Type: research

Germ cell tumour growth patterns originating from clear cell carcinomas of the ovary and endometrium: a comparative immunohistochemical study favouring their origin from somatic stem cells
ConclusionsThere is considerable immunophenotypical overlap between the two components in these mixed neoplasms, and a panel of markers should be used to facilitate the distinction. We propose that OCT4‐expressing somatic cancer cells differentiate into GCT and represent spontaneously induced pluripotent stem cells, possibly conditioned by age‐related epigenetic factors. These neoplasms have features of prepubertal type GCT showing lack of 12p gain, preponderance of YST and coexistence with immature neuroectoderm. However, there may also be undifferentiated stem cell areas with embryoid bodies, of the type seen in post...
Source: Histopathology - December 21, 2017 Category: Pathology Authors: Francisco F Nogales, Jaime Prat, Maolly Schuldt, Nelly Cruz ‐Viruel, Baljeet Kaur, Emanuela D'Angelo, Xavier Matias‐Guiu, August Vidal, W Glenn McCluggage, J Wolter Oosterhuis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Bilateral lung metastases unveils an asymptomatic sacrococcygeal yolk sac tumor.
We describe one such neoplasm in an 18-month-old male child who turned symptomatic with multiple bilateral lung metastases. The tumor produced the least deformity to his physique, to become detectable on routine inspection and clinical examination. Finally, a combined approach through clinical, radiological, pathological, and biochemical perspectives established the diagnosis. PMID: 29323075 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology - October 1, 2017 Category: Pathology Authors: Mondal K, Mandal R Tags: Indian J Pathol Microbiol Source Type: research

Neoadjuvant Bleomycin, Etoposide, and Cisplatin (BEP) Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Extensively Advanced Yolk Sac Tumors: A Single Center Experience
Conclusions One or 2 cycles of neoadjuvant BEP regimen followed by cytoreductive surgery offer a chance for cure in extensively advanced patients with YSTs and help pave the way for fertility-sparing surgery.
Source: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer - April 25, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Ovarian Cancer Source Type: research

Ovarian endometrioid carcinoma with yolk sac tumor component in a postmenopausal woman.
Authors: Kabukcuoglu S, Arik D Abstract Yolk sac tumor (YST) coexisting with a variety of histologic patterns have been described, but with an epithelial malignant component is extremely rare. It has been suggested that this rare tumor represents an adenocarcinoma with aberrant differentiation because it occurs in the same age range as epithelial ovarian carcinoma and shows an aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Although chemotherapy is effective for pure YST, YST with endometrioid adenocarcinoma does not respond to chemotherapy. Here the authors report a postmenopousal women with ovarian endometrioid adenocarc...
Source: European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology - June 29, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol Source Type: research

Ovarian yolk sac tumor in postmenopausal females: A case series and a literature review
We reported 3 cases of mixed ovarian YST in postmenopausal females reviewed the related current English literature. Patient concerns: The ages of the three patients were 61, 58 and 77 respectively. The three patients came to the hospital because of the abdominal discomfort or tenderness, and the third patient also has vaginal bleeding. Diagnoses: Imaging examination revealed pelvic mass with cystic and solid components. The elevated serum AFP level and pathologcial examination confirmed mixed ovarian YST. Interventions: All patients received surgery and chemotherapy. Two patients received PEB (cisplatin, etoposide...
Source: Medicine - August 1, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Yolk sac tumor of stomach: Case report and review of literature
We report a 3-year-old boy who presented to us with recurrent episodes of melena and anemia of 2 months' duration. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a deeply excavated ulcer on the lesser curvature, 4 cm from the gastroesophageal junction. Computed tomography (CT) abdomen revealed large heterogeneously enhancing soft-tissue mass lesion in the lesser sac with indistinct fat planes with the lesser curvature of the stomach with multiple peripherally enhancing lesions in both lobes of liver and omentum, suggestive of metastasis. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was 21,000 ng/ml. Tru-cut biopsy from the mass was...
Source: Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons - October 4, 2018 Category: Surgery Authors: Ankur Mandelia Nijagal Mutt Richa Lal Raghunandan Prasad Source Type: research

Is fertility sparing surgery a treatment option for young patients with yolk sac tumor?
We present a narrative review of the multispecialty fertility sparing surgical and medical approach of women with YST. PMID: 30465413 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Minerva Ginecologica - November 23, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: Minerva Ginecol Source Type: research

A case of ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma with yolk sac differentiation and Lynch syndrome
We describe, to our knowledge, the first case in the English literature of a premenopausal woman that presented with an ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma with focal yolk sac component and was subsequently found to have a germline MSH2 mutation confirming a diagnosis of Lynch syndrome. Concurrent diagnosis of ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma with yolk sac tumor and Lynch syndrome is an extremely rare finding in a young patient and requires careful follow-up. Genetics evaluation and testing may be reasonable for individuals with this rare or mixed tumor pathology at young age of onset and can have clinical utility in gu...
Source: Gynecologic Oncology Reports - January 12, 2019 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Primary Mediastinal Yolk Sac Tumors: An Immunohistochemical Analysis of 14 Cases
Primary mediastinal germ cell tumors are uncommon tumors that can pose diagnostic difficulties due to their morphologic spectrum and unusual site. Immunohistochemistry plays an increasing role in the diagnosis of these tumors. Whereas the immunophenotype of testicular yolk sac tumors (YST) is rather well known, the opposite is true for primary mediastinal YST leading us to investigate the immunohistochemical features of 14 such neoplasms. Fourteen cases of primary mediastinal YST were reviewed and representative whole tissue sections were selected for immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies directed against CAM5.2, S...
Source: Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology - February 1, 2019 Category: Chemistry Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

The Significance of Yolk Sac Number in Monoamniotic Twins
Conclusions: Two yolk sacs are present in up to a third of all MCMA twin pregnancies, dispelling the original concept that a single yolk sac is diagnostic of MCMA pregnancies. Yolk sac number should not be used to determine amnionicity. The presence of two yolk sacs on first trimester ultrasound is associated with an increased rate of male fetuses. The number of yolk sacs has no other significant impact on perinatal outcomes.Fetal Diagn Ther
Source: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy - February 14, 2019 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research

10. Vaginal Yolk Sac Tumor: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
We report two cases of vaginal YST and review vaginal YST cases reported in the literature to outline advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and survival.
Source: Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology - March 4, 2019 Category: OBGYN Authors: Allison C. Mayhew, Heather Rytting, Edwin A. Smith, Thomas A. Olson, Krista Childress Source Type: research

Primary yolk sac tumor originating from the endometrium: A case report and literature review
Rationale: Yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are malignant germ cell tumors that secrete alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). These tumors commonly develop in infants, young children, and young women and often originate in the gonads. Primary endometrial YST is a very rare malignancy, and a primary endometrial YST in the absence of abnormal AFP levels is even rarer. Patient concerns: A 38-year-old woman presented with the chief complaint of prolonged menstruation and increased menstrual bleeding with a duration of more than 2 months. Diagnoses: Postoperative pathology confirmed a diagnosis of endometrial YST with metastasis to the greate...
Source: Medicine - April 1, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research