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Advanced stage yolk sac ovarian tumour: clinical approach with cytoreductive surgery upfront.
Authors: Pimentel I, González Martin A, Bratos R, Marquez R, Toledo G, Chiva L
Abstract
The authors report the case of a 21-year-old woman that presented a Pseudo Meigs' syndrome, secondary to a pure endodermal sinus tumour (yolk sac tumour). Fine needle aspiration biopsy was compatible with high-grade carcinoma and the alpha fetoprotein (αFP) was at 13,185 U/ml. Cytoreductive surgery was performed, followed by bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy.
PMID: 29953803 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology - July 1, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol Source Type: research
Vulvar Yolk Sac Tumors Are Somatically Derived SMARCB1 (INI-1)-Deficient Neoplasms
So-called primary yolk sac tumors of the vulva are very rare and often have an aggressive disease course. Their molecular features have not been previously characterized. There is also a well-documented group of SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient vulvar neoplasms, which includes proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma and myoepithelial carcinoma. Until now, “vulvar yolk sac tumors” and SMARCB1-deficient neoplasms were considered unrelated diseases. After reviewing an index case of a vulvar yolk sac tumor with loss of SMARCB1 by immunohistochemistry, we retrospectively identified 2 additional cases diagnosed as vulvar yolk sac tumors....
Source: The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - January 19, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Pituitary‐tumour‐transforming‐gene 1 expression in testicular cancer
Summary
Genomic instability is a feature of germ cell tumours. The pituitary‐tumour‐transforming‐gene 1 (PTTG1) is the major effector of chromosome segregation during mitosis, protecting the cell from aneuploidy. The protein expression of this gene has been evaluated in testicular tumours by immunohistochemistry. Formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded specimens of testicular tissues from 83 patients undergoing therapeutic orchidectomy for seminomas (n = 53), embryonal carcinoma (n = 10), yolk sac tumour (n = 10) and teratoma (n = 10) were examined. Seminoma was associated with in situ carcinoma (CIS) in 23 ...
Source: Andrologia - April 24, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: F. Pierconti, D. Milardi, M. Martini, G. Grande, T. Cenci, G. Gulino, L. M. Larocca, G. Rindi, A. Pontecorvi, L. De Marinis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Complete histologic response to chemotherapy in a patient with a mediastinal yolk sac tumor: a case report
Conclusion:
Primary mediastinal Yolk sac neoplasm represent a unique entity, and as such require specialized management. The diagnosis should be made not only by morphological studies but the patient's age and the elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein should also be considered. The utilization of cisplatin-based chemotherapy is associated with the best chance of a cure for this disease. This should be followed by surgical resection of the residual tumor in the nonseminomatous germ cell tumor.
Source: BioMed Central - November 17, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Yousra AkasbiRajae NajibSamia ArifiMarouane LakranbiMohammed SmahiNawfel MellasOmar ELMesbahi Source Type: research
Unusual Presentations of Gynecologic Tumors: Extragonadal Yolk Sac Tumor of the Vulva.
Abstract
Extragonadal germ cell tumors are uncommon, and although they morphologically resemble their gonadal counterparts, unexpected gonadal presentation increases the potential for erroneous diagnoses. Yolk sac tumor is a malignant germ cell tumor characterized by an extraembryonic yolk sac line of differentiation, and relative to other germ cell tumors, is characterized by varied and diverse histologic patterns. When occurring outside of typical age parameters or in extragonadal locations, the histologic variability of yolk sac tumor and its tendency to mimic somatic tumors pose diagnostic challenges. Because ...
Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine - December 12, 2016 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Euscher ED Tags: Arch Pathol Lab Med Source Type: research
Imaging in gynecological disease: ultrasound features of malignant ovarian yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumors).
CONCLUSION: Malignant ovarian yolk sac tumors are often detected at an early stage, in young women usually in the second or third decade of life, presenting with pain and markedly elevated S-AFP. On ultrasound yolk sac tumors are mostly unilateral, large, multilocular-solid or solid, with fine-textured slightly hyperechoic solid tissue, and rich vascularization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PMID: 32119168 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Ultrasound Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 1, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Anfelter P, Testa A, Chiappa V, Froyman W, Fruscio R, Guerriero S, Alcazar JL, Mascillini F, Pascual MA, Sibal M, Savelli L, Zannoni GF, Timmerman D, Epstein E Tags: Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Source Type: research
Immunohistochemical expression of SALL4 in hepatocellular carcinoma, a potential pitfall in the differential diagnosis of yolk sac tumors
Summary: SALL4 is a transcription factor that serves as a marker of yolk sac tumor. Yolk sac tumor and hepatocellular carcinoma share histologic, serologic, and immunohistochemical features. Previous studies have shown lack of SALL4 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma, suggesting utility in this differential diagnosis. Sixty-nine samples of hepatocellular carcinoma were retrieved from surgical pathology archives and used to construct 9 tissue microarrays. A germ cell tumor tissue microarray containing 10 yolk sac tumors was used for comparison. Extent, intensity, and pattern of nuclear SALL4 expression were assessed in ...
Source: Human Pathology - January 23, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Nilda Gonzalez-Roibon, Betina Katz, Alcides Chaux, Rajni Sharma, Enrico Munari, Sheila F. Faraj, Peter B. Illei, Michael Torbenson, George J. Netto Tags: Original Contributions Source Type: research
PARP expression in germ cell tumours
Conclusions
In this pilot study, we showed for the first time, that PARP is overexpressed in testicular germ cell tumours compared to normal testis.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - June 21, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Mego, M., Cierna, Z., Svetlovska, D., Macak, D., Machalekova, K., Miskovska, V., Chovanec, M., Usakova, V., Obertova, J., Babal, P., Mardiak, J. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Urological cancer Original article Source Type: research
Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor With High-Grade Serous Carcinoma in a 62-Year-Old Woman
We present a case of mixed ovarian yolk sac tumor and high-grade serous carcinoma in a postmenopausal woman, including a brief discussion of the immunohistochemical findings and differential diagnosis. Despite the rarity of mixed ovarian yolk sac tumor and surface epithelial tumors, it is important to recognize the biphasic nature of the tumor, which should prompt a thorough immunohistochemical evaluation. The therapeutic and prognostic implications of proper diagnosis cannot be overemphasized.
Source: International Journal of Surgical Pathology - May 9, 2016 Category: Pathology Authors: McCarthy, W. A., Masand, R. P. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Gonadal tumour risk in 292 phenotypic female patients with disorders of sex development containing Y chromosome or Y ‐derived sequence
ConclusionDisorders of sex development patients with Y chromosome materials have a significantly increased risk of GCTs. Gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma/seminoma are the most prevalent GCTs and 46, XY PGD carries the highest tumour presence and malignancy risk. AIS could postpone bilateral gonadectomy until or after adolescence, while others with streak gonads should undergo surgery as soon as diagnosis. Specific serum tumour markers could be used in predicting GCTs and monitoring. Optimal care and close follow‐up are required.
Source: Clinical Endocrinology - November 9, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Authors: He Huang, Chunqing Wang, Qinjie Tian Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Morphoproteomics Identifies the EZH2 and SIRT1 Pathways as Potential Blocks to Differentiation in Yolk Sac Tumor of the Ovary and Provides Therapeutic Options: a Case Study.
The objective of this case study of an ovarian yolk sac tumor was to identify putative pathways that are known to pose a block in differentiation, both in early embryogenesis and in tumorigenesis, that might be amenable to low toxicity therapies designed to promote differentiation to a more benign state and prevent recurrent disease in such tumors. The enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a histone methyl transferase, and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), a NAD+ histone deacetylase, are two such pathways.
PMID: 28249923 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science - December 31, 2016 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Kojima YA, Assylbekova B, Zhao B, Nugent E, Brown RE Tags: Ann Clin Lab Sci Source Type: research
PGC-1 α activator-induced fatty acid oxidation in tumor-infiltrating CTLs enhances effects of PD-1 blockade therapy in lung cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: Bezafibrate synergized the tumoricidal effect of PD-1 blockade in hyporesponsive lung cancer by expansion of effector CTLs within tumor microenvironment. The potential mechanism may relate to the capacity of bezafibrate in regulating FAO of tumor-infiltrating CTLs.
PMID: 31451071 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Tumori - August 28, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Tumori Source Type: research
SMARCB1 (INI-1)-Deficient Adenocarcinoma of the Sinonasal Tract: A Potentially Under-Recognized form of Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma with Occasional Yolk Sac Tumor-Like Features
We present a dedicated series of 12 SMARCB1-deficient SNACs. All tumors had an oncocytoid/plasmacytoid cytomorphology with variable degrees of glandular differentiation consisting of tubules and cribriform structures with foci of intracellular or intraluminal mucin. Three of 12 tumors exhibited foci of yolk sac tumor-like histologic features. The tumors were uniformly high-grade, with nuclear pleomorphism, elevated mitotic rates and frequent necrosis. By immunohistochemistry, all tumors were entirely SMARCB1-deficient, and 10 of 12 were CK7-positive. Occasional expression of CDX2 (4 of 12), CK20 (3 of 12), and p40 (3 of 10...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - May 18, 2020 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Ovarian yolk sac tumor with epithelial tumor component in a postmenopausal woman - case report and literature review.
Abstract
Ovarian yolk sac tumors are common germ cell tumors usually arising in young women. Yolk sac tumors in elderly women are infrequently encountered and most of them are combined with other epithelial tumor components including endometrioid carcinoma or serous carcinoma. Here, we report an extremely rare case of a yolk sac tumor with mucinous tumor and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma components in a postmenopausal woman, which is the third yolk sac tumor case with a neuroendocrine tumor element in an elderly woman. An 82-year-old female visited our hospital due to abdominal distention. Abdominal computed...
Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology - October 14, 2020 Category: Pathology Authors: Ahn H, Oh MH, Cho HD, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Jeon S, Jang SH Tags: Int J Clin Exp Pathol Source Type: research
Malignant Gonadal Germ Cell Tumors (Other Than Pure Germinoma) in Patients With Disorders of Sex Development: A Report of 21 Cases Based Largely on the Collection of Dr Robert E. Scully, Illustrating a High Frequency of Yolk Sac Tumor With Prominent Hepatoid and Glandular Features
We describe 21 nonpure germinomatous gonadal germ cell tumors (9 with a germinoma component), all but 1 associated with gonadoblastoma, in patients with disorders of sex development who ranged from 7 to 36 years old (average, 20 y). Twenty patients were clinically described as phenotypic females with ambiguous genitalia/virilization and primary amenorrhea. The most common documented peripheral karyotype was 46,XY (10/12; 83%). Fifteen of 16 tumors with available clinicopathologic data were unilateral. They ranged from 7 to 30 cm (mean, 15.5 cm) and were solid and cystic with frequent necrosis and hemorrhage. Gonadobl...
Source: The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - April 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
