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Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the management of advanced ovarian yolk sac tumor.
CONCLUSIONS: NACT is the better treatment option for some patients with advanced stage OYST, especially for those with unresectable tumors and poor general condition. PMID: 24582864 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Gynecologic Oncology - February 28, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lu Y, Yang J, Cao D, Huang H, Wu M, You Y, Chen J, Lang J, Shen K Tags: Gynecol Oncol Source Type: research

“Somatic-type” Malignancies Arising From Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: A Clinicopathologic Study of 124 Cases With Emphasis on Glandular Tumors Supporting Frequent Yolk Sac Tumor Origin
Somatic-type malignancies (SMs) in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (GCT) are rare and mostly attributed to “transformation” of teratoma, although yolk sac tumor (YST) origin has also been proposed. We studied 124 cases of “SM” of testicular GCT origin from 106 patients to evaluate their morphology, immunohistochemical features (especially the utility of SALL4), and relationship to YST. Primitive neuroectodermal and nephroblastomatous tumors were excluded because of prior studies. Patients ranged in age from 15 to 68 years (mean, 33 y). The tumors ranged from 0.7 to 30 cm (mean, 7.6 cm) and involved the re...
Source: The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - October 1, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Expression pattern of clinically relevant markers in paediatric germ cell- and sex-cord stromal tumours is similar to adult testicular tumours
Abstract Paediatric germ cell tumours (GCTs) are rare and account for less than 3 % of childhood cancers. Like adult GCTs, they probably originate from primordial germ cells, but the pattern of histopathological types is different, and they occur predominantly in extragonadal sites along the body midline. Because they are rare, histology of paediatric GCTs is poorly documented, and it remains unclear to what extent they differ from adult GCTs. We have analysed 35 paediatric germ cell tumours and 5 gonadal sex-cord stromal tumours from prepubertal patients aged 0–15 years, to gain further knowledge, elaborate ...
Source: Virchows Archiv - October 30, 2014 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Comparative analysis of Napsin A, alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase (AMACR, P504S), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta as diagnostic markers of ovarian clear cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study of 279 ovarian tumours
SummaryNapsin A and α-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase (AMACR, P504S) have recently been described as being frequently expressed in clear cell carcinomas (CCC) of the gynecological tract. The present study was conducted to assess the test performance of these newer markers relative to the more traditional marker, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β), in a large and histotypically diverse dataset. A total of 279 ovarian tumours in tissue microarrays were immunohistochemically assessed for the expression of Napsin A, AMACR and HNF1β. HNF1β, Napsin A and AMACR were expressed in 92%, 82% and 63% of 65 CCC, 7%, 1% and 1% of ...
Source: Pathology - January 8, 2015 Category: Pathology Tags: Anatomical Pathology Source Type: research

Many Postchemotherapy Sarcomatous Tumors in Patients With Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Are Sarcomatoid Yolk Sac Tumors: A Study of 33 Cases
Sarcomatoid neoplasms in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) may show diverse lineages and are usually attributed to “transformation” of teratoma, although origin from yolk sac tumor (YST) has also been suggested. We evaluated 33 sarcomatoid tumors from 23 TGCT patients that lacked specific features of a defined sarcoma subtype for a number of features, including: atypia (mild, moderate, severe), cellularity, tumor necrosis, mitotic index, stromal vascularity, cell profile (spindle or epithelioid), and stromal quality (myxoid and/or fibrous). Immunohistochemical staining analyses directed against cytokera...
Source: The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - January 13, 2015 Category: Pathology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Endometrioid like yolk sac tumor of the testis with small teratomatous foci: A case report and review of the literature.
Abstract I have reported a case of endometrioid like yolk sac tumor of the testis in a 20-year-old boy. Endometrioid like yolk sac tumor is a rare tumor. A few cases have been reported in ovary. In case of male, a case of pure glandular endometrioid like yolk sac tumor is reported in a 43 years male in right undescended testis and another case of abdominal metastasis showing endometrioid pattern from mixed testicular germ cell tumor comprising of teratoma and embryonal carcinoma. My patient was a 20-year-old male presented with painless enlargement of right testis. Grossly the tumor was glistening creamish white w...
Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology - October 1, 2015 Category: Pathology Authors: Hazarika P Tags: Indian J Pathol Microbiol Source Type: research

Endoscopic surgery combining chemotherapy for vaginal yolk-sac tumor: a case report.
CONCLUSION: The use hysteroscopy equipment to exam vagina can diagnose early vaginal yolk-sac tumor and cytoreductive surgery which can preserve fertility can then be performed. Cytoreductive surgery may also be able to reduce the cycles of the chemotherapy to reduce the side effects and the risks of chemotherapy. PMID: 26189265 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology - November 28, 2015 Category: OBGYN Tags: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol Source Type: research

Sinonasal pure yolk sac tumor: a case report and literature review.
We report herein a case with sinonasal yolk sac tumor in a 1 year and 3 months old girl. The initial complaint was persistent nasal bleeding for about 2 months. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a lobulated soft tissue mass in paranasal sinus that extended to oral cavity, nasopharynx, and oropharynx. The histology showed typical features of yolk sac tumor and the positive immunohistochemical staining of SALL4 and α-fetoprotein. After tumor excision, adjuvant chemotherapy of JEB regimen was prescribed. After the follow-up for 13-months, α-fetoprotein was normal and neither tumor progre...
Source: Fetal and Pediatric Pathology - December 15, 2015 Category: Pathology Tags: Fetal Pediatr Pathol Source Type: research

Is yolk sac tumor related to the pathophysiology of low birthweight?
Abstract An 8‐year‐old Japanese girl was admitted with an ovarian yolk sac tumor. Regarding birth history, the patient had been delivered by cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation with a birthweight of 711g. She had required neonatal intensive care including oxygenation, various medications, and tests. After surgery and chemotherapy, there was no recurrence for 2 years, at the time of writing. Yolk sac tumor, which is a malignant germ cell tumor, is rare in children. Although the cause and risk factors are unclear, it has been reported that malignant germ cell tumors in childhood have been associated with pathop...
Source: Pediatrics International - February 15, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hiroyuki Kubo, Ryuichi Shimono, Hiromi Suzuki, Noriko Fuke, Hitoshi Okada, Takashi Iwase, Takashi Kusaka, Uiko Hanaoka, Kenji Kanenishi, Toshiyuki Hata, Hiroko Kozan, Aya Tanaka, Takayuki Fujii, Naomi Katsuki, Yoshio Kushida, Reiji Haba Tags: Patient Report Source Type: research

Patterns and trends in the incidence of paediatric and adult germ cell tumours in Australia, 1982–2011
Conclusion Broad similarities in the shape of age-specific incidence curves, particularly for gonadal, central nervous system, and mediastinal tumours provide epidemiological support for commonalities in aetiology among clinically disparate GCT subtypes. Differences in peak ages reflect underlying subtype-specific biological differences. Declining incidence trends for some adult gonadal tumours accords with the global transition in GCT incidence, and supports the possibility of a reduction in prevalence of shared aetiological exposures.
Source: Cancer Epidemiology - May 25, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Yolk Sac Tumors in Postmenopausal Patients Arising in Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma
Abstract: A nulliparous, obese, diabetic 68-year-old woman with a history of pelvic endometriosis presented with an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III 17-cm ovarian mass. Histology showed endometriotic cysts with an intracystic growth of well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma with squamous morular change. This coexisted with a second papillary epithelial pattern corresponding to a glandular yolk sac tumor (YST) that merged with the endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry discriminated between endometrioid adenocarcinoma and glandular YST phenotypes. The expression of traditio...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - July 1, 2016 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research

Prognostic significance of an early decline in serum alpha-fetoprotein during chemotherapy for ovarian yolk sac tumors.
CONCLUSIONS: An early AFP decline during chemotherapy is an independent prognostic factor in patients with OYSTs. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT: No conflict of interest. PMID: 27401840 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Gynecologic Oncology - July 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: de la Motte Rouge T, Pautier P, Genestie C, Rey A, Gouy S, Leary A, Haie-Meder C, Kerbrat P, Culine S, Fizazi K, Lhommé C Tags: Gynecol Oncol Source Type: research

Patterns and trends in the incidence of paediatric and adult germ cell tumours in Australia, 1982 –2011
Conclusion Broad similarities in the shape of age-specific incidence curves, particularly for gonadal, central nervous system, and mediastinal tumours provide epidemiological support for commonalities in aetiology among clinically disparate GCT subtypes. Differences in peak ages reflect underlying subtype-specific biological differences. Declining incidence trends for some adult gonadal tumours accords with the global transition in GCT incidence, and supports the possibility of a reduction in prevalence of shared aetiological exposures.
Source: Cancer Epidemiology - June 17, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A case report of a metastatic yolk sac carcinoma in the pulmonary artery of a young female Sprague-Dawley rat.
Authors: Sakamoto Y, Nagaoka T, Tamura K, Kaneko H Abstract Yolk sac carcinoma is an extremely rare tumor in rats and is usually found in the genital system of aged animals. We encountered a yolk sac carcinoma in the pulmonary artery of an 18-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rat. In a repeated dosing toxicity study (once weekly for 4 weeks, intraperitoneal), this rat was unexpectedly found dead on the 55th day after the final administration of the test article. At necropsy, grayish white nodules were found on the lung surface. Histopathologically, tumor emboli were observed in the trunk and branch of the pulmonary ar...
Source: Journal of Toxicologic Pathology - November 10, 2016 Category: Toxicology Tags: J Toxicol Pathol Source Type: research

Germ cell tumor growth patterns originating from clear cell carcinomas of the ovary and endometrium: a comparative immunohistochemical study favouring their origin from somatic stem cells
ConclusionsThere is considerable immunophenotypic overlap between the two components in these mixed neoplasms and a panel of markers should be used to facilitate the distinction. We propose that OCT4‐expressing somatic cancer cells differentiate into GCT and represent spontaneously induced pluripotent stem cells, possibly conditioned by aging‐related epigenetic factors. These neoplasms have features of pre pubertal type GCT showing lack of 12p gain, preponderance of YST and coexistence with immature neuroectoderm. However, there may also be undifferentiated stem cell areas with embryoid bodies, of the type seen in post...
Source: Histopathology - November 1, 2017 Category: Pathology Authors: F F Nogales, J Prat, M Schuldt, N Cruz ‐Viruel, B Kau, E D'Angelo, X Matias‐Guiu, A Vidal, W G McCluggage, J W Oosterhuis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research