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Toxicological Assessment of CoO and La2O3 Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells
Cobalt monoxide (CoO) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3) nanoparticles are 2 metal oxide nanoparticles with different redox potentials according to their semiconductor properties. By utilizing these two nanoparticles, this study sought to determine how metal oxide nanoparticle’s mode of toxicological action is related to their physio-chemical properties in human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC). We investigated cellular toxicity, production of superoxide radicals and alterations in gene expression related to oxidative stress, and cellular death at 6 and 24 h following exposure to CoO and La2O3 (administered doses: 0, 5,...
Source: Toxicological Sciences - March 27, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Sisler, J. D., Pirela, S. V., Shaffer, J., Mihalchik, A. L., Chisholm, W. P., Andrew, M. E., Schwegler-Berry, D., Castranova, V., Demokritou, P., Qian, Y. Tags: Effects of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles of Airway Epithelium Source Type: research
Quantifying nanoparticles in clays and soils with a small-angle X-ray scattering method
Clays and soils produce strong small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) because they contain large numbers of nanoparticles, namely allophane and ferrihydrite. These nanoparticles are amorphous and have approximately spherical shape with a size of around 3 – 10 nm. The weight ratios of these nanoparticles will affect the properties of the clays and soils. However, the nanoparticles in clays and soils are not generally quantified and are sometimes ignored because there is no standard method to quantify them. This paper describes a method to quantify nanoparticles in clays and soils with SAXS. This is achieved by deriving n...
Source: Journal of Applied Crystallography - January 30, 2020 Category: Physics Authors: Tsukimura, K. Suzuki, M. Tags: small-angle X-ray scattering nanoparticles in clays and soils quantitative analysis of nanoparticles colloidal silica silica gel kaolinite smectite pyrophillite allophane ferrihydrite research papers Source Type: research
Nanoparticles On My Mind
By KIM BELLARD
Nanoparticles are everywhere! By that I mean, of course, that there seems to be a lot of news about them lately, particularly in regard to health and healthcare. But, of course, literally they could be anywhere and everywhere, which helps account for their potential, and their potential danger.
Let’s start with one of the more startling developments: a team at the University of Miami’s College of Engineering, led by Professor Sakhrat Khizroev, believes it has figured out a way to use nanoparticles to “talk” to the brain without wires or implants. They use “a novel clas...
Source: The Health Care Blog - March 23, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Christina Liu Tags: Health Tech Kim Bellard nanoparticles Source Type: blogs
Multimodal nanoparticles that provide immunomodulation and intracellular drug delivery for infectious diseases
Abstract: Infectious diseases are a worldwide health concern. For some infections, a common feature is the intracellular residence of the pathogen and evasion of the host immune response. In the case of tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium tuberculosis evades clearance within macrophages through suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. We propose new nanoparticle designs for infectious diseases, functionalized with ligands able to modulate the cellular immune response and concurrently deliver drug. We have designed 1,3-β-glucan functionalized chitosan shell, p...
Source: Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine - December 11, 2013 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Admire Dube, Jessica L. Reynolds, Wing-Cheung Law, Charles C. Maponga, Paras N. Prasad, Gene D. Morse Tags: Communicable Diseases, Tuberculosis, Core-Shell Nanoparticles, Glucan-Functionalized Chitosan, Rifampicin Source Type: research
Noncrystalline structure of Ni–P nanoparticles prepared by liquid pulse discharge
Noncrystalline nickel phosphide (Ni–P) nanoparticles have drawn great attention due to their high potential as catalysts. However, the structure of noncrystalline Ni–P nanoparticles is still unknown, which may shed light on explaining the catalysis mechanism of the Ni–P nanoparticles. In this paper, noncrystalline Ni–P nanoparticles were synthesized. Their morphology, particle size, element contents, local atomic structures, as well as the catalysis in the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate were studied. The results demonstrate that the as-prepared Ni–P nanoparticles are spherical with an average diame...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - January 29, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Tan, Y.Yu, H.Wu, Z.Yang, B.Gong, Y.Yan, S.Du, R.Chen, Z.Sun, D. Tags: noncrystalline structure Ni – P nanoparticles pulse discharge local structure model research papers Source Type: research
Determination of the melting and freezing temperatures of Pb nanoparticles embedded in a PbO–B2O3–SnO2 glass by using only the SAXS method
Melting and freezing of metallic nanoparticles embedded in glass matrices usually occur at temperatures lower than for the same metal in the bulk state. In situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements using a synchrotron beamline and a specially designed high-temperature chamber allowed the determination of the temperature dependence of the SAXS intensity produced by a dilute and nearly monodisperse set of spherical Pb nanoparticles, with an average radius 〈R〉 = 16.1 nm, embedded in a homogeneous lead–borate oxide glass. The temperature dependences of the nanoparticle volume V(T) and nanoparticle radius of...
Source: Journal of Applied Crystallography - March 24, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Kellermann, G.Gorgeski, A.Craievich, A.F.Montoro, L.A. Tags: Pb nanoparticles melting freezing small-angle X-ray scattering research papers Source Type: research
Temperature-driven directional coalescence of silver nanoparticles
This study is of importance not only in terms of its fundamental academic interest but also in terms of the thermal stability of silver nanoparticles.
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - March 31, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Yan, S.Sun, D.Gong, Y.Tan, Y.Xing, X.Mo, G.Chen, Z.Cai, Q.Li, Z.Yu, H.Wu, Z. Tags: silver nanoparticles SAXS XRD coalescence nanocrystal research papers Source Type: research
Recent applications of click chemistry for the functionalization of gold nanoparticles and their conversion to glyco-gold nanoparticles
Abstract
Glycoscience, despite its myriad of challenges, promises to unravel the causes of, potential new detection methods for, and novel therapeutic strategies against, many disease states. In the last two decades, glyco-gold nanoparticles have emerged as one of several potential new tools for glycoscientists. Glyco-gold nanoparticles consist of the unique structural combination of a gold nanoparticle core and an outer-shell comprising multivalent presentation of carbohydrates. The combination of the distinctive physicochemical properties of the gold core and the biological function/activity of the carbohydrates makes gl...
Source: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - January 3, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry - Syndicated Feeds Tags: azide – alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition carbohydrates click chemistry glyco-gold nanoparticles triazole Review Source Type: research
Small-angle scattering by supported nanoparticles: exact results and useful approximations
In functional materials, nanoparticles are often dispersed in a porous support for the purpose of stabilizing them. This makes their characterization by small-angle scattering challenging because the signal comprises contributions from the nanoparticles of interest, from the inert support and from their cross-correlation. Exact analytical expressions for all three contributions are derived in the case of a Gaussian-field model of the porous support, with nanoparticles randomly distributed over the surface. For low nanoparticle loading, the expressions simplify to the addition of properly scaled support and particle scatter...
Source: Journal of Applied Crystallography - April 17, 2019 Category: Physics Authors: Gommes, C.J. Asset, T. Drnec, J. Tags: small-angle scattering supported nanoparticles Gaussian random fields research papers Source Type: research
Lattice strain distribution resolved by X-ray Bragg-surface diffraction in an Si matrix distorted by embedded FeSi2 nanoparticles
Out-of-plane and primarily in-plane lattice strain distributions, along the two perpendicular crystallographic directions on the subsurface of a silicon layer with embedded FeSi2 nanoparticles, were analyzed and resolved as a function of the synchrotron X-ray beam energy by using ω:ϕ mappings of the ({\overline 1}11) and (111) Bragg-surface diffraction peaks. The nanoparticles, synthesized by ion-beam-induced epitaxial crystallization of Fe+-implanted Si(001), were observed to have different orientations and morphologies (sphere- and plate-like nanoparticles) within the implanted/recrystallized region. The results show t...
Source: Journal of Applied Crystallography - November 7, 2013 Category: Physics Authors: Lang, R.Menezes, A.S. deSantos, A.O. dosReboh, S.Meneses, E.A.Amaral, L.Cardoso, L. P. Tags: strain synchrotron radiation X-ray multiple diffraction ion-beam-induced epitaxial crystallization nanoparticles research papers Source Type: research
Single-cell resolution in high-resolution synchrotron X-ray CT imaging with gold nanoparticles
Gold nanoparticles are excellent intracellular markers in X-ray imaging. Having shown previously the suitability of gold nanoparticles to detect small groups of cells with the synchrotron-based computed tomography (CT) technique both ex vivo and in vivo, it is now demonstrated that even single-cell resolution can be obtained in the brain at least ex vivo. Working in a small animal model of malignant brain tumour, the image quality obtained with different imaging modalities was compared. To generate the brain tumour, 1 × 105 C6 glioma cells were loaded with gold nanoparticles and implanted in the right cerebral hemisphere...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - December 11, 2013 Category: Physics Authors: Schültke, E.Menk, R.Pinzer, B.Astolfo, A.Stampanoni, M.Arfelli, F.Harsan, L.-A.Nikkhah, G. Tags: animal model brain tumour high-resolution imaging gold nanoparticles X-ray CT research papers Source Type: research
Paracrystalline structure of gold, silver, palladium and platinum nanoparticles
Metallic nanoparticles are of great importance because of their unique physical, chemical, antimicrobial, diagnostic, therapeutic, biomedical, sensing, biosensing, catalytic and optical properties. Detailed knowledge of the atomic scale structure of these materials is essential for understanding their activities and for exploiting their potential. This paper reports structural studies of silica-supported silver, gold, palladium and platinum nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Electron microscopy observation allowed the determination of nanoparticle sizes, which were e...
Source: Journal of Applied Crystallography - March 12, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Jurkiewicz, K. Kami ń ski, M. Glajcar, W. Wo ź nica, N. Julienne, F. Bartczak, P. Pola ń ski, J. Lel ą tko, J. Zubko, M. Burian, A. Tags: metal nanoparticles X-ray diffraction pair distribution function paracrystalline structure research papers Source Type: research
Track analysis of a synchrotron X-ray photoelectric nanoradiator by in situ fluorescence imaging of reactive oxygen species: comparative study of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles
The emission of fluorescent X-rays and low-energy electrons by mid-/high-Z nanoparticles upon irradiation with either X-ray photons or high-energy ion beams is referred to as the nanoradiator effect (NRE). A track analysis of NRE was performed using reactive oxygen species (ROS) gels, to which macrophages containing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were attached, together with single-cell irradiation of the intracellular nanoparticles from a microbeam of synchrotron X-rays, and the range and distribution of ^\bulletOH and O2^{ \bullet - } produced were compared with those of the Fe-nanoradiator by magnetite nanoparticles (FeONP,...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - September 20, 2018 Category: Physics Authors: Jeon, J.-K. Kim, J.-K. Tags: X-ray photoelectric nanoradiator ROS-oxidant fluorescence gel dosimetry track analysis gold nanoparticles iron oxide nanoparticle research papers Source Type: research
Social Media in Clinical Practice: Chapter 2, Medical Search Engines and Google
When I realized Springer made the individual chapters of my book, Social Media in Clinical Practice, available, I thought it would be useful for future readers to get some insights about each chapter one by one.
Here is the short summary of what you can read about, and an excerpt of the second chapter, Using Medical Search Engines with a Special Focus on Google:
There are billions of pages on the World Wide Web and search engines help us find the information we are looking for. Having so many pages with a huge amount of information online is the biggest advantage and disadvantage of the Internet at the same time. Inste...
Source: ScienceRoll - September 4, 2013 Category: Geneticists and Genetics Commentators Authors: Dr. Bertalan Meskó Tags: Medical Search Medicine Medicine 2.0 Social Media in Clinical Practice Web 2.0 Source Type: blogs
