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Primary Pancreatic Yolk Sac Tumor Presenting as Diffusely Enlarged Pancreas in Initial 18F-FDG PET/CT
We report a case of yolk sac tumor primarily in the pancreas in a 32-year-old man. He presented with pancreatitis at presentation with significantly increased serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed diffuse enlargement of the pancreas in the neck, body, and tail portion with homogeneously increased FDG uptake, similar to the change of pancreatitis. The lesion progressively developed to a huge pancreatic mass in the follow-up images, and endoscopic ultrasonography-guided aspiration biopsy of the pancreatic mass confirmed the diagnosis of yolk sac tumor.
Source: Clinical Nuclear Medicine - May 8, 2020 Category: Nuclear Medicine Tags: Interesting Images Source Type: research

HNF1β is a sensitive and specific novel marker for yolk sac tumor: a tissue microarray analysis of 601 testicular germ cell tumors
Modern Pathology, Published online: 19 June 2020; doi:10.1038/s41379-020-0597-xHNF1β is a sensitive and specific novel marker for yolk sac tumor: a tissue microarray analysis of 601 testicular germ cell tumors
Source: Modern Pathology - June 18, 2020 Category: Pathology Authors: Alessandra Gallo Christian Fankhauser Thomas Hermanns J örg Beyer Ailsa Christiansen Holger Moch Peter Karl Bode Source Type: research

Primary yolk sac tumor of orbit: Report of a rare case
Sandhya V Poflee, Prajkta S Pawar, Nilesh S Gaddewar, Waman K RautIndian Journal of Cancer 2020 57(3):337-339Extragonadal germ cell tumors (GCTs) of head and neck region account for 5% of all benign and malignant GCTs. Orbit is an uncommon site for occurrence of extragonadal GCTs. Pure yolk sac tumor (YST) of orbit is a rare neoplasm and only a few cases are reported in the literature. An 18-month-old boy presented with right eye proptosis of 2 months duration. Because of rapid clinical course and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, neoplastic lesion was suspected. Histopathological examination of the biopsy ...
Source: Indian Journal of Cancer - August 9, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sandhya V Poflee Prajkta S Pawar Nilesh S Gaddewar Waman K Raut Source Type: research

27. A Case of Vaginal Yolk Sac Tumor in an 8 Year Old Girl with Didelphys Uterus
We present a case where an initial exam under anesthesia revealed no evidence of a vaginal malignancy. However, due to ongoing symptoms, a re-evaluation revealed vaginal yolk sac tumor which had been concealed by a congenital anomaly.
Source: Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology - March 23, 2021 Category: OBGYN Authors: Anne Smith, Noor Zwayne Source Type: research

Multidisciplinary treatment of primary intracranial yolk sac tumor: A case report and literature review
Rationale: Intracranial yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are rare malignancies with limited treatment options and a dismal prognosis. They are usually managed with surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy. Patient concerns: Here, we report a patient with primary YST in the pineal region who achieved long term survival. Despite undergoing treatment, he experienced several recurrences over a 15-year period. Diagnosis: Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated the presence of space-occupying lesions in the pineal region and the medial tail of the left lateral ventricle. The tumors were excised, and the histo...
Source: Medicine - May 14, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Establishment and characterization of an ovarian yolk sac tumor patient-derived xenograft model
ConclusionWe have successfully established an OYST PDX model. This OYST model preserves the basic molecular features of the primary human tumor, thereby providing a valuable method to preclinically evaluate new treatments and explore disease pathogenesis.
Source: Pediatric Surgery International - May 24, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

SMARCB1 (INI1)–Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma With Yolk Sac Tumor Differentiation: Case Report and Review of the Literature
SMARCB1 (INI1)–deficient sinonasal carcinoma is a recently described primary neoplasm of the sinonasal tract that occurs infrequently and displays aggressive clinical behavior. Classic histopathologic findings of INI1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma include sheets and nests of basaloid tumors cells with a monomorphic appearance. Variable amounts of rhabdoid and glandular differentiation have been reported. Diagnosis of this lesion can be challenging because of significant morphologic and immunohistochemical overlap between other primary lesions of the sinonasal tract, including basaloid and other nonkeratinizing squamous c...
Source: Pathology Case Reviews - July 1, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Case Reviews Source Type: research

The clinical features and prognostic outcomes of primary mediastinal yolk sac tumors: A retrospective analysis of 15 rare cases from multiple centers
In this study, we aimed to provide further information relating to this rare malignancy in order to facilitate the creation of more specific clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PMYSTs. In this retrospective study, we recruited 15 patients who had been diagnosed with PMYST from four medical institutions to create a population-based cohort. We then used Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test to investigate and compare overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). A total of 15 cases were identified. The mean age was 27.3 years (range: 19–34 years). The estimated ...
Source: Medicine - July 23, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Fetal sex prediction measuring yolk sac size and yolk sac –fetal pole distance in the first trimester via ultrasound screening
ConclusionYolk sac –fetal pole distance may have the potential to predict gender in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Source: Journal of Ultrasound - November 7, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Pineal Yolk Sac Tumor Producing α-Fetoprotein Detected by 68Ga-FAPI PET/MRI
This study reported a case of pineal YST with α-fetoprotein production revealed by 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/MRI. In the PET images, 68Ga-FAPI showed a far better tumor-to-background ratio than 18F-FDG in the pineal YST because there is little 68Ga-FAPI uptake in the brain. This case indicates that 68Ga-FAPI PET/MRI may be a useful tool for evaluating intracranial YST and other types of tumors in central nervous system.
Source: Clinical Nuclear Medicine - December 16, 2021 Category: Nuclear Medicine Tags: Interesting Images Source Type: research

Yolk Sac Tumor Arising in Uterine Carcinosarcoma With Endometrioid and Serous Components: A Case Report With Immunohistochemical Analysis
Yolk sac tumor of the endometrium is an uncommon neoplasm. Here we report a case of yolk sac tumor arising in a uterine carcinosarcoma, with the carcinomatous component showing both endometrioid and serous components, and the sarcomatous component showing homologous (spindled) differentiation. The yolk sac tumor showed predominant glandular configuration and was present admixed with the epithelial components. Extensive immunostaining was performed to narrow the differential diagnosis, including potentially therapeutic testing for HER-2. To our knowledge, this is the first case of carcinosarcoma with this mix of epithelial ...
Source: International Journal of Gynecological Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Pathology of the Corpus: Case Reports Source Type: research

Surgical management and outcomes for stage 1 malignant ovarian germ cell tumours: a UK multicentre retrospective cohort study
Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours (MOGCTs) are rare with a yearly-adjusted incidence of 3.7 per million [1]. These account for 1-2% of all ovarian malignancies in Europe [2 –4] and comprise the histological subtypes: dysgerminoma, yolk sac tumour, mixed germ cell tumour, immature teratoma (IT) and embryonal carcinoma [5,3]. Fertility sparing surgery is a safe and effective strategy with excellent five year survival of 95% for stage one tumours [2,6].
Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology - February 16, 2022 Category: OBGYN Authors: Radha Graham, Nicola D MacDonald, Michelle Lockley, Rowan Miller, John Butler, Krithika Murali, Shah-Jalal Sarker, Susana Banerjee, Sara Stoneham, Jonathan Shamash, Viola Liberale, Daniel M Berney, Claire Newton Source Type: research

Sarcomatoid Yolk Sac Tumor Harbors Somatic Mutations That Are Otherwise Rare in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors
In conclusion, this study demonstrated that 60% of SYSTs harbor somatic oncogenic mutations that are otherwise rare in TGCTs, and the presence of these mutations is associated with an aggressive clinical course. In addition, the results presented herein suggest that grading SYSTs may be clinically relevant.
Source: The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - April 23, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research