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Sinonasal pure yolk sac tumor: a case report and literature review.
We report herein a case with sinonasal yolk sac tumor in a 1 year and 3 months old girl. The initial complaint was persistent nasal bleeding for about 2 months. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a lobulated soft tissue mass in paranasal sinus that extended to oral cavity, nasopharynx, and oropharynx. The histology showed typical features of yolk sac tumor and the positive immunohistochemical staining of SALL4 and α-fetoprotein. After tumor excision, adjuvant chemotherapy of JEB regimen was prescribed. After the follow-up for 13-months, α-fetoprotein was normal and neither tumor progre...
Source: Fetal and Pediatric Pathology - December 15, 2015 Category: Pathology Tags: Fetal Pediatr Pathol Source Type: research

Is yolk sac tumor related to the pathophysiology of low birthweight?
Abstract An 8‐year‐old Japanese girl was admitted with an ovarian yolk sac tumor. Regarding birth history, the patient had been delivered by cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation with a birthweight of 711g. She had required neonatal intensive care including oxygenation, various medications, and tests. After surgery and chemotherapy, there was no recurrence for 2 years, at the time of writing. Yolk sac tumor, which is a malignant germ cell tumor, is rare in children. Although the cause and risk factors are unclear, it has been reported that malignant germ cell tumors in childhood have been associated with pathop...
Source: Pediatrics International - February 15, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hiroyuki Kubo, Ryuichi Shimono, Hiromi Suzuki, Noriko Fuke, Hitoshi Okada, Takashi Iwase, Takashi Kusaka, Uiko Hanaoka, Kenji Kanenishi, Toshiyuki Hata, Hiroko Kozan, Aya Tanaka, Takayuki Fujii, Naomi Katsuki, Yoshio Kushida, Reiji Haba Tags: Patient Report Source Type: research

RNA-binding protein LIN28 is a sensitive marker of pediatric yolk sac tumors
Conclusions LIN28 is a sensitive marker for pediatric YSTs and it can be used to distinguish them from mature teratomas. LIN28 is likely to become a new and valuable biomarker for diagnosing of pediatric YST.
Source: Pediatric Surgery International - June 28, 2016 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

Ovarian yolk sac tumor in postmenopausal females: a report of five cases and a literature review.
CONCLUSION: The clinical features of ovarian YST in postmenopausal females, such as stage distribution, were similar compared to young patients. Postmenopausal patients with ovarian YST may have a worse prognosis compared to young patients. PMID: 27352567 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology - June 30, 2016 Category: OBGYN Tags: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol Source Type: research

Prognostic significance of an early decline in serum alpha-fetoprotein during chemotherapy for ovarian yolk sac tumors.
CONCLUSIONS: An early AFP decline during chemotherapy is an independent prognostic factor in patients with OYSTs. CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT: No conflict of interest. PMID: 27401840 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Gynecologic Oncology - July 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: de la Motte Rouge T, Pautier P, Genestie C, Rey A, Gouy S, Leary A, Haie-Meder C, Kerbrat P, Culine S, Fizazi K, Lhommé C Tags: Gynecol Oncol Source Type: research

A case report of a metastatic yolk sac carcinoma in the pulmonary artery of a young female Sprague-Dawley rat.
Authors: Sakamoto Y, Nagaoka T, Tamura K, Kaneko H Abstract Yolk sac carcinoma is an extremely rare tumor in rats and is usually found in the genital system of aged animals. We encountered a yolk sac carcinoma in the pulmonary artery of an 18-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rat. In a repeated dosing toxicity study (once weekly for 4 weeks, intraperitoneal), this rat was unexpectedly found dead on the 55th day after the final administration of the test article. At necropsy, grayish white nodules were found on the lung surface. Histopathologically, tumor emboli were observed in the trunk and branch of the pulmonary ar...
Source: Journal of Toxicologic Pathology - November 10, 2016 Category: Toxicology Tags: J Toxicol Pathol Source Type: research

Germ cell tumor growth patterns originating from clear cell carcinomas of the ovary and endometrium: a comparative immunohistochemical study favouring their origin from somatic stem cells
ConclusionsThere is considerable immunophenotypic overlap between the two components in these mixed neoplasms and a panel of markers should be used to facilitate the distinction. We propose that OCT4‐expressing somatic cancer cells differentiate into GCT and represent spontaneously induced pluripotent stem cells, possibly conditioned by aging‐related epigenetic factors. These neoplasms have features of pre pubertal type GCT showing lack of 12p gain, preponderance of YST and coexistence with immature neuroectoderm. However, there may also be undifferentiated stem cell areas with embryoid bodies, of the type seen in post...
Source: Histopathology - November 1, 2017 Category: Pathology Authors: F F Nogales, J Prat, M Schuldt, N Cruz ‐Viruel, B Kau, E D'Angelo, X Matias‐Guiu, A Vidal, W G McCluggage, J W Oosterhuis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Intralabyrinthine sporadic endolymphatic sac tumour
Discussion Endolymphatic sac tumours invade the posterior part of the petrous temporal bone. According to two studies concerning patients with Von Hippel-Lindau disease, endolymphatic sac tumours arise from the endolymphatic duct. This case of intralabyrinthine sporadic endolymphatic sac tumour supports this hypothesis for sporadic forms, indicating the need for labyrinthectomy associated with tumour resection to avoid recurrence.
Source: European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases - November 7, 2017 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

A Rare Case of Pediatric Vaginal Yolk Sac Tumor
A 14-month-old girl was evaluated for intermittent vaginal bleeding. Vaginoscopy revealed a friable tumor, and biopsy results confirmed a yolk sac tumor. AFP was elevated (1386 ng/mL) at diagnosis but quickly normalized with chemotherapy. Twelve months after diagnosis, she remains tumor-free. Although rare, malignant tumors of the vagina must be included in the differential diagnosis of prepubertal girls who present with vaginal bleeding. Primary yolk sac tumor of the vagina is seen in girls less than 3 years of age and is treated with chemotherapy with or without surgical excision.
Source: Urology - March 13, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Michelle Lightfoot, Aylin Bilgutay, Andrew Kirsch Tags: Pediatric Case Reports Source Type: research

Intralabyrinthine sporadic endolymphatic sac tumour
DiscussionEndolymphatic sac tumours invade the posterior part of the petrous temporal bone. According to two studies concerning patients with Von Hippel-Lindau disease, endolymphatic sac tumours arise from the endolymphatic duct. This case of intralabyrinthine sporadic endolymphatic sac tumour supports this hypothesis for sporadic forms, indicating the need for labyrinthectomy associated with tumour resection to avoid recurrence.
Source: European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases - July 5, 2018 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Relapse in children with clinical stage I testicular yolk sac tumors after initial orchiectomy
ConclusionsLVI and necrosis were independent risk factors for relapse in pediatric patients with CS1 testicular yolk sac tumors, and primary chemotherapy was effective. Thus, individualized management might be feasible for these patients according to risk classification.
Source: Pediatric Surgery International - December 11, 2018 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

Combined adenocarcinoma with yolk sac tumor of the rectum metastasizing as a germ cell neoplasm: Case report
We reported a case of 18 years-old female patient admitted to Mansoura oncology center with severe abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed a distended abdomen with hepatomegaly with no abdominal mass. Computed tomographic (CT) scan of the abdomen revealed markedly enlarged liver with multiple innumerable variable sized hyper-echoic non-enhanced focal lesions. The patient underwent an ultrasound- guided biopsy of the liver that showed metastatic yolk sac tumor. Colonoscopy confirmed a large polypoidal ulcerating mass that was 15 cm from anal verge. Biopsy from the mass revealed conventional colonic adenocarcinoma merg...
Source: Current Medicine Research and Practice - December 2, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Unusual presentation, relapse and metastasis of a pediatric testicular yolk sac tumor: case report.
Testicular tumors are not uncommon in children and represent 1-2% of all pediatric malignancies. Prepubertal testicular yolk sac tumor is the most common childhood testicular cancer, accounting for 70-80% of all cases. The clinical presentation varies from one patient to another; most common presentation is painless scrotal mass. Herein, we present a case of pediatric patient with a testicular yolk sac tumor who had unusual presentation followed by a local relapse and metastasis and continued to have high markers while he was on chemotherapy, then underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) and local recurrence excision.
Source: Urology - October 23, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hend Alshamsi, Osama Sarhan, Ashraf Almatar, Batool Al Ali, Deena Boqari, Fouad Al Kawai Tags: Pediatric Case Reports Source Type: research