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Total 237420 results found since Jan 2013.

Novel therapies/hopes for HIV cure in perinatally acquired HIV-positive adolescents
Conclusion Whilst it is premature to anticipate an HIV cure, there is much anticipation that with early ART and additional interventions to perturb the residual viral reservoir, future viral remission off ART might be feasible for PaHIV-AYA. However, given the safety and effectiveness of current ART, a critical debate must evaluate the risks against benefits of any novel intervention, especially amongst adolescents as they become sexually active.
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - May 1, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ADOLESCENTS AND HIV: Edited by Mary-Ann Davies and Elizabeth Hamlyn Source Type: research

Coreceptor tropism and maraviroc sensitivity of clonally derived Ethiopian HIV-1C strains using an in-house phenotypic assay and commonly used genotypic methods.
CONCLUSION: There is a high discordance between GTT methods, which underestimates the presence of R5 and overestimates X4 strains compared to a phenotypic assay. Currently available GTT algorithms should be further improved for tropism prediction in HIV-1C. Maraviroc has an in vitro activity against most HIV-1C viruses and could be considered as an alternative regimen in individuals infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1C viruses. PMID: 29766813 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - May 15, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kalu AW, Telele NF, Aralaguppe S, Gebre-Selassie S, Fekade D, Marrone G, Sonnerborg A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Progress in achieving long-term HIV remission
Purpose of review The purpose of the present review is to describe the major barriers to HIV eradication and assess the most promising cure strategies under investigation. Recent findings There are significant challenges to achieve HIV eradication. These include the establishment of persistent latently infected cells, systemic chronic immune activation, and immune dysfunction. Since the announcement of the first HIV cure involving the Berlin patient, several attempts to reproduce these results have failed. Thus, it is widely accepted that long-term HIV remission would be a more feasible approach. Optimization of ART, ...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - August 3, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING LONG-TERM HIV REMISSION: Edited by Jean-Daniel Lelièvre and Timothy J. Henrich Source Type: research

Coordinating the prevention, treatment, and care continuum for HIV-associated tuberculosis in prisons: a health systems strengthening approach
Purpose of review To advance a re-conceptualized prevention, treatment, and care continuum (PTCC) for HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) in prisons, and to make recommendations for strengthening prison health systems and reducing HIV-associated TB morbidity and mortality throughout the cycle of pretrial detention, incarceration, and release. Recent findings Despite evidence of increased HIV-associated TB burden in prisons compared to the general population, prisoners face entrenched barriers to accessing anti-TB therapy, antiretroviral therapy, and evidence-based HIV and TB prevention. New approaches, suitable for the c...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 9, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: TUBERCULOSIS AND HIV: Edited by Richard E. Chaisson and Haileyesus Getahun Source Type: research

Correlation of apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G genetic variant rs8177832 with HIV-1 predisposition in Pakistani Population.
CONCLUSION: Thus it was concluded that APOBEC3G rs8177832 AA genotype is contributing in genetic predisposition to HIV-1 infection in Pakistani population. PMID: 30338740 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - October 18, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Iqbal K, Imran M, Ullah S, Jamal M, Waheed Y, Ali Q Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

HIV-specific T-cell responses and generalized activation in HIV-1 infected long-term non-progressors and progressors from South India.
CONCLUSIONS: LTNP and progressors showed similar CD8+ T-cell responses, but final conclusions can be drawn only by comparing multiple immune factors in larger LTNP cohort with HIV-1 infected individuals at various levels of disease progression. Possible role of HIV-1 subtype variation and ethnic differences in addition with host-genetic and viral factors cannot be ruled out. PMID: 30543175 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - December 12, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Swathirajan CR, Vignesh R, Waldrop G, Shanmugasundaram U, Nandagopal P, Solomon SS, Pradeep A, Saravanan S, Murugavel KG Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Follicular T-cell subsets in HIV infection: recent advances in pathogenesis research
Purpose of review T cells within B-cell follicles of secondary lymphoid tissues play key roles in HIV immunopathogenesis. This review highlights recent findings and identifies gaps in current knowledge. Recent findings B-cell follicles are major sites of virus replication and demonstrate significant impairments in the generation of humoral immunity in HIV infection. Follicular T helper cells (Tfh), follicular T regulatory cells (Tfr) and follicular CD8+ T cells (fCD8) play key roles in HIV immunopathogenesis. Tfh and more recently Tfr are highly permissive to HIV, and may serve as reservoirs of HIV in treated infectio...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - February 1, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: T-CELLS IN HIV INFECTION: Edited by Mathias Lichterfeld and Tony Kelleher Source Type: research

Everything in its right place: resident memory CD8: +: T cell immunosurveillance of HIV infection
Purpose of review To introduce emerging concepts in tissue resident CD8+ T cell immunosurveillance and their relevance to control HIV infection. Recent findings It is well appreciated that HIV preferentially infects and persists in CD4+ T cells located in gut and in lymphoid tissue, yet the majority of known immunological correlates of HIV control are derived from peripheral blood. Instead, tissue-based immunological surveillance likely dictates the course of infection. Recent studies have established that nonrecirculating resident memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells can be found in virtually every human tissue. These cells ...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - February 1, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: T-CELLS IN HIV INFECTION: Edited by Mathias Lichterfeld and Tony Kelleher Source Type: research

Community HIV Screening among MSM in Three Indonesian Cities.
CONCLUSION: While community screening resulted in more MSM knowing their HIV status, reluctance avail of government health facility-based services, or indeed to be tested at all, must be addressed if community screening is to accelerate progress in getting HIV-positive MSM onto treatment. PMID: 30907323 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 19, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hidayat R, Marguari D, Hairunisa N, Suparno H, Magnani R Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Review: HIV-1 phylogeny during suppressive antiretroviral therapy
This article reviews methods for interrogating intrahost HIV-1 diversity, addresses the ongoing debate regarding HIV-1 compartmentalization and replication during ART, and summarizes recent findings on the effects of curative strategies on HIV-1 populations. Recent findings HIV-1 replication in the blood is virtually halted upon the initiation of ART. However, proliferation of cells infected prior to ART provides a self-renewing reservoir for infection during ART. Current evidence supports that proliferation of infected cells is a mechanism for HIV-1 persistence in both the blood and the tissues. However, more studies a...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 6, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: PHYLOGENETICS IN HIV TRANSMISSION: Edited by Morgane Rolland and Josh Herbeck Source Type: research

Plasma membrane proteomic profile discovers macrophage-capping protein related to latent HIV-1.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Due to the persistence of latent HIV-infected cellular reservoirs, HIV virus can not be eradicated completely. OBJECTIVE: To identify proteins related to HIV latency, we performed a subcellular proteomic study in HIV latent cell lines. METHOD: An established HIV-1 latent cell model (J-Lat Tat-GFP Clone A7 cells, A7 cells) and its parental cell line (Jurkat cells) was used. The plasma membrane (PM) fraction from cultured cells was enriched through aqueous two-phase partition. PM proteins were extracted and then separated using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE). Differentially expr...
Source: Current HIV Research - May 5, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Zhang Y, Shen Y, Yin L, Qi T, Jia X, Lu H, Zhang L Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Updated studies on development of HIV therapeutic vaccine.
CONCLUSION: Among several methods applying in studied clinical trials which are mainly divided to DNA, Protein, Peptide, Viral vectors and Dendritic cell based vaccines, protein vaccine strategy which is based on Tat protein induced anti-Tat Abs in 79% HIV patients. However, the studies need to be continued to achieve a durable efficient immune response against HIV-1. PMID: 31210114 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - June 17, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Larijani MS, Ramezani A, Sadat SM Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Antiviral Activity of Faecal Water Samples from HIV-1 Infected Subjects Treated With a Specific Probiotic Formulation.
Conclusion: Anti HIV activity of FW may have several public health and social implications for sexually transmitted diseases that need to be further explored. </p>. PMID: 31490760 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 2, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Falasca F, Cavallari EN, Innocenti GP, Scagnolari C, Mezzaroma I, Santinelli L, Ceccarelli G, Vullo V, Turriziani O, d'Ettorre G Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Design, Synthesis, Docking Studies and Biological Activities Novel 2,3-Diaryl-4-Quinazolinone Derivatives as Anti-HIV-1 Agents.
CONCLUSION: Based on our results, these derivatives represent novel lead compounds for the development of new promising anti-HIV-1 agents. PMID: 31518225 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 10, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hajimahdi Z, Zabihollahi R, Aghasadeghi MR, Zarghi A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Prevalence of Different Genotypes of HIV-1 in Injection Drug Users in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
CONCLUSION: Our study reveals that CRF07-BC was the dominant prevalent strain among IDUs from 1991 to 2015 in China, while CRF08-BC was the dominant prevalent strain among IDUs in southwestern China. This systematic review and meta-analysis shows evidence of the comprehensive prevalence of different genotypes, data and characteristics of HIV among IDUs in China. PMID: 31538898 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 18, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jiang Y, Zhang L, Hou Z, Tu A, Qiao R, Dai C, Yao N, Du X, Xu Y, Tan J Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research