This page shows you your search results in order of relevance.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 237420 results found since Jan 2013.

Multilocus microsatellite typing of Leishmania infantum isolates in monitored Leishmania/HIV coinfected patients
Conclusions: Our data indicated a great MLMT variability between isolates from coinfected patients and no predominant genotype was observed. Despite this, almost all clinical episodes could be interpreted as a relapse rather than a reinfection. The results showed that diverse factors like an intrapatient evolution over time or culture bias could influence the parasite population detected in the patient, making it difficult to differentiate between relapse and reinfection.
Source: Parasites and Vectors - July 22, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Míriam Tomás-PérezMallorie HideCristina RieraLiliana MontoyaAnne-Laure BañulsEsteve RiberaMontserrat PortúsRoser Fisa Source Type: research

HIV Infection, Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Longitudinal Changes in Biomarkers of Organ Function.
Conclusions: HIV infection is associated with longitudinal changes in serum levels of several biomarkers of end-organ function/disease and mortality. Multiple biomarkers (triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, hemoglobin, and FIB-4 ) remain altered from levels prior to HIV infection levels even following inititiation of ART and evidence of viral suppression. These results give insights into underlying mechanisms of increased risk for aging-related chronic diseases in the context of HIV infection. PMID: 25034208 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Current HIV Research - July 23, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: So-Armah KA, Chang J, Alcorn C, Lo Re V, Baker JV, Tracy R, Butt AA, Agan BK, Rimland D, Gibert CL, Goetz MB, Oursler KK, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Kuller LH, Brown ST, Stein JH, Skanderson M, Justice AC, Freiberg MS Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Editorial: Impact of Alcohol on HIV Related Issues in Human Population or Model System.
Abstract Alcohol abuse and AIDS remain two of the leading public health problems, not only in the United States but throughout the world. Approximately amongst 5% of the total US population, abuses alcohol and this statistic has been fairly consistent during recent years. However, the prevalence of alcohol abuse among HIV-positive individuals has been estimated to be between 29 and 60% in the US [1]. Alcohol use has also been implicated as an important risk factor in HIV transmission. In addition, the incidence of HIV infection has been found to be associated with the overall level of alcohol consumption. In a met...
Source: Current HIV Research - August 24, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kumar A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Plasma Cytokine Levels and Risk of HIV Type 1 (HIV-1) Transmission and Acquisition: A Nested Case-Control Study Among HIV-1-Serodiscordant Couples
Conclusions. Immune activation, as measured by levels of cytokine markers, particularly elevated levels of IL-10 and CXCL1, are associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility and infectiousness.
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - April 10, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kahle, E. M., Bolton, M., Hughes, J. P., Donnell, D., Celum, C., Lingappa, J. R., Ronald, A., Cohen, C. R., de Bruyn, G., Fong, Y., Katabira, E., McElrath, M. J., Baeten, J. M., for the Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team, for the Partn Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research

Knowledge, Normative Beliefs and Attitudes Related to Recent HIV Infection among People who Inject Drugs in Athens, Greece.
Conclusion A considerable proportion of PWID in Athens, Greece, were aware of the high HIV transmission risk of recent HIV infection, although improvement is needed for some population segments. People who inject drugs who were knowledgeable of the role of recent HIV infection were more likely to have normative beliefs and attitudes that favor behaviors that could help rather than harm or stigmatize people who have recently been infected with HIV. Interventions that are based on the role of recent HIV infection in HIV transmission could be important to HIV prevention. PMID: 29173178 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - November 22, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Giannou F, Nikolopoulos GK, Pantavou K, Benetou V, Kantzanou M, Sypsa V, Williams LD, Friedman SR, Hatzakis A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Microbial Translocation and Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infected Pregnant Women.
CONCLUSIONS: The degree of IA and MT was similar among HIV+PG and HIV+ non-PG women followed longitudinally. There was no incremental increase due to the combined effects of HIV and pregnancy. Several markers of IA and MT (LPS, 16SrDNA) decreased post ART. IA and MT occurred in a subgroup of HIV-PG women during the 1st trimester. Further study must be done to confirm whether MT consistently occurs in some healthy women during PG. PMID: 30062968 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - July 31, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mitchell CD, Dominguez S, Roach M, George V, Rinaldi S, Fischl M, Potter J, Tyson B, Pahwa S Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

A review of current strategies towards the elimination of latent HIV-1 and subsequent HIV-1 cure.
CONCLUSION: Recent advances hold promise for the ultimate cure of HIV infection. A systems-level approach that fully recapitulate the dynamics and complexity of HIV-1 latency in vivo and applicable in human therapy is prudent for HIV eradication to be more feasible. Future studies aimed at achieving a prolonged HIV remission state are more likely to be successful if they focus on a combination strategy including the block and kill, and stem cell approaches. These strategies propose a functional cure with minimal toxicity for patients. We believe that the cure of HIV infection will be attained in the short term if a strateg...
Source: Current HIV Research - August 18, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Maina EK, Adan AA, Mureithi H, Muriuki J, Lwembe RM Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Brain Inflammation is a Common Feature of HIV-Infected Patients Without HIV Encephalitis or Productive Brain Infection.
Abstract HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) describes different levels of neurocognitive impairment,whichare a common complication of HIV infection. The most severe of these, HIV-associated dementia (HIV-D), has decreased in incidence since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), whilean increase in the less severe, minor neurocognitive disorder (MND), is now seen. The neuropathogenesis of HAND is not completely understood,however macrophages (Mφ)s/microglia are believed to play a prominent role in the development of the more severe HIV-D. Here, we report evidence of neuroinflam...
Source: Current HIV Research - May 26, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tavazzi E, Morrison D, Sullivan P, Morgello S, Fischer T Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Failure to Identify HIV-Infected Individuals in a Clinical Trial Using a Single HIV Rapid Test for Screening
Conclusions: In clinical trials, HIV infections can be missed for a variety of reasons. Using more than one assay to screen for HIV infection may reduce the number of missed infections. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 62-68DOI 10.1310/hct1502-62Authors Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MarylandJessica M. Fogel, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MarylandOliver Laeyendecker, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MarylandShauna Wolf, Depa...
Source: HIV Clinical Trials - April 7, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Clinical Trials Source Type: research

HIV replication at low copy number and its correlation with the HIV reservoir: a clinical perspective.
Abstract The efficacy of combination therapy (antiretroviral therapy - ARV) is demonstrated by the high rates of viral suppression achieved in most treated HIV patients. Whereas contemporary treatments may continuously suppress HIV replication, they do not eliminate the latent reservoir, which can reactivate HIV infection if ARV is discontinued. The persistence of HIV proviral DNA and infectious viruses in CD4+ T cells and others cells has long been considered a major obstacle in eradicating the HIV virus in treated patients. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated the persistence of HIV replication at low copi...
Source: Current HIV Research - April 7, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sarmati L, D'Ettorre G, Parisi SG, Andreoni M Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Chemokines SNPs in HIV-1+ Patients and Healthy Controls from Northeast Brazil: Association with Protection against HIV-1 Infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Since our results revealed an increased frequency of alleles and genotypes of CCL3/CCL4 SNPs and haplotype (CCL3-CCL4) among healthy controls, we suggest that these variations have a potential protective role against HIV-1 infection. PMID: 26785888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - January 20, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: da Silva RC, Coelho AV, Arraes LC, Brandão LA, Guimarães RL, Crovella S Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Disease Progression in HIV Late Presenters: the Role of HIV Clinical Indicator Diseases prior to HIV Diagnosis.
CONCLUSION: HIV CIDs confer a higher risk for disease progression even after adjustment for these confounding factors. Evaluation of previous HIV CIDs at HIV diagnosis could be a tool to identify and better manage frail HIV patients with higher risks of disease progression. PMID: 27142214 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - May 2, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Guardigni V, Morieri ML, Segala D, Sighinolfi L Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research

Knowledge of pregnant women on mother-to-child transmission of HIV, its prevention, and associated factors in Assosa town, Northwest Ethiopia
Conclusion: Knowledge on MTCT and its prevention among women is low in the study area. We recommend more efforts to be exerted on improving women's knowledge of PMTCT of HIV.Keywords: pregnant women, mother-to-child transmission and prevention, Assosa
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - May 5, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research

Predictors of HIV-test utilization in PMTCT among antenatal care attendees in government health centers: institution-based cross-sectional study using health belief model in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2013
Conclusion and recommendation: This study identifies perceived self-efficacy and perceived lack of net benefit as the main predictors of PMTCT-HIV-test use. Hence, prevention strategies based on increasing perceived risk, perceived severity, or adequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS may not be sufficient to induce PMTCT-HIV-test. These data will be useful in designing and improving HIV/AIDS prevention programs and focused health communication and counseling strategies in relation to PMTCT in Ethiopia. Keywords: PMTCT, HIV-testing, health belief model, perceived net benefit, perceived threat, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - July 12, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research

HIV and Syphilis Prevalence and Associated Risks in the Cameroonian Armed Forces.
CONCLUSION: HIV and syphilis education among all military personnel as they enter service and proceed forward is important to reinforce prevention methods and practices. PMID: 28521725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - May 16, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Grillo M, Tran BR, Tamoufe U, Djoko CF, Saylors K, Woodland K, Wangmene L, Macera C Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research